TAG: GS 3: ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
THE CONTEXT: Researchers of the Shadpada Entomology Research Lab (SERL) of Christ College, Irinjalakuda, have reported two species of flower flies for the first time from Kerala.
EXPLANATION:
- This discovery highlights the rich biodiversity of the region and contributes to our understanding of pollinator species in the Kole wetlands and Vilagan Kunnu hillocks of Thrissur district.
Mesembrius bengalensis and Mesembrius quadrivittatus
- The two species of flower flies discovered are:
- Mesembrius bengalensis
- Mesembrius quadrivittatus
- These species were found in the Kole wetlands and the Vilagan Kunnu hillocks, areas known for their ecological significance in Thrissur district.
- Flower flies belong to the family Syrphidae and the order Diptera.
- They are commonly referred to as flower flies because of their frequent visits to flowers, similar to bees and wasps.
- Flower flies have evolved to mimic bees and wasps, a trait that helps them evade predators.
- This mimicry is an excellent example of evolutionary adaptation for survival.
- Flower flies play a crucial role in the ecosystem:
- Pollinators: They are important pollinators, contributing to the reproduction of many flowering plants.
- Larval Benefits: The larvae of these flies act as biological control agents and nutrient recyclers, aiding in maintaining ecological balance.
Mesembrius quadrivittatus Mesembrius bengalensis
Previous Research and New Findings
- A literature survey conducted by the research team revealed a rich diversity of 59 species of flower flies already documented in Kerala.
- The discovery of Mesembrius bengalensis and Mesembrius quadrivittatus adds two more species to this list, enhancing our knowledge of the region’s biodiversity.
- The study detailing these findings has been published in the journal ENTOMON, the official publication of the Association for Advancement of Entomology.
- The publication includes key characteristics of the newly discovered species, along with images to facilitate easy identification.
- This information will help in public participation for understanding and documenting the distribution of these species.
Significance of the Discovery
- The identification of these two new species underscores the rich biodiversity of Kerala and highlights the importance of ongoing research in lesser-known ecosystems like the Kole wetlands and Vilagan Kunnu hillocks.
- By providing key characteristics and images of the new species, the researchers aim to involve the public in identifying and understanding these flies. This can lead to better documentation and conservation efforts.
- This discovery opens up new avenues for research in entomology and ecology.
- Future studies can focus on:
- The ecological roles of these newly discovered species.
- Their interactions with other species in their habitats.
- Conservation strategies to protect these important pollinators.
