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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
2 points1. The term ‘Gaslighting’, sometimes seen in the media, roughly corresponds to:
Correct
Answer: D
Explanation:
● Gaslighting is a phenomenon wherein techniques of manipulation are used to control people in politics and interpersonal relationships.
● When a person is gaslighted they experience confusion, anxiety and loss of trust in themselves.
● If successful in the act of gaslighting, the perpetrator can isolate the victim from society and even from their closest social circles to the extent that the gaslightee starts believing that the gaslighter is the only person they can trust.
● In relationships, especially romantic or intimate ones, the process begins gradually, with the perpetrator gaining the partner’s trust by showering them with romantic gestures. As time goes on, the abuser tends to suggest that their partner is unreliable, forgetful and endlessly dependent. They go on to isolate them from any systems that may provide the victim support.
● With the help of these techniques, the perpetrator pushes the victim to doubt their sense of rationality by suggesting that they are mentally unstable.Incorrect
Answer: D
Explanation:
● Gaslighting is a phenomenon wherein techniques of manipulation are used to control people in politics and interpersonal relationships.
● When a person is gaslighted they experience confusion, anxiety and loss of trust in themselves.
● If successful in the act of gaslighting, the perpetrator can isolate the victim from society and even from their closest social circles to the extent that the gaslightee starts believing that the gaslighter is the only person they can trust.
● In relationships, especially romantic or intimate ones, the process begins gradually, with the perpetrator gaining the partner’s trust by showering them with romantic gestures. As time goes on, the abuser tends to suggest that their partner is unreliable, forgetful and endlessly dependent. They go on to isolate them from any systems that may provide the victim support.
● With the help of these techniques, the perpetrator pushes the victim to doubt their sense of rationality by suggesting that they are mentally unstable. -
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
2 points2. The term ‘Safe harbour’, often seen in the news in the context of:
Correct
Answer: D
Explanation:
● According to the safe harbour principle, an online platform such as Facebook or Twitter cannot be held accountable for the content posted on them by users.
● The ‘safe harbour’ concept affects social media, e-commerce and AI-based platforms.
● The safe harbour provision has been given under Section 79 of the IT Act 2000. It states that “an intermediary shall not be liable for any third-party information, data, or communication link made available or hosted by him”.
● But there are conditions for safe harbour. Section 79 states that safe harbour wouldn’t be given if the intermediary “fails to expeditiously” take down a post or remove a particular content even after the government flags that the information is being used to commit something unlawful.Incorrect
Answer: D
Explanation:
● According to the safe harbour principle, an online platform such as Facebook or Twitter cannot be held accountable for the content posted on them by users.
● The ‘safe harbour’ concept affects social media, e-commerce and AI-based platforms.
● The safe harbour provision has been given under Section 79 of the IT Act 2000. It states that “an intermediary shall not be liable for any third-party information, data, or communication link made available or hosted by him”.
● But there are conditions for safe harbour. Section 79 states that safe harbour wouldn’t be given if the intermediary “fails to expeditiously” take down a post or remove a particular content even after the government flags that the information is being used to commit something unlawful. -
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
2 points3. Consider the following statements about ‘Laundromat’ countries, which were recently in the news?
1. India, China, Singapore, the U.A.E. and Turkey are named as ‘laundromat’ countries by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) in its recent report.
2. ‘Laundromat’ countries export crude products to ‘price cap coalition countries’ which include the EU, G7 countries and Australia.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?Correct
Answer: A
Explanation:
Only statement 1 is correct. They are based on a recent report by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA). The details are as follows:
● The report, titled Laundromat: How the price cap coalition whitewashes Russian oil in third countries, by the Finland-based Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) published in April 2023.
● The report considers India, China, Singapore, the U.A.E. and Turkey to be named as ‘laundromat’ countries.
● India leads five countries named as the “Laundromat” countries that buy Russian oil and sell processed products to European countries, thus sidestepping European sanctions against Russia.
● Price cap coalition countries have increased imports of refined oil products from countries that have become the largest importers of Russian crude. This is a major loophole that can undermine the impact of the sanctions on Russia.
● The CREA report said the most oil products were being exported from two ports in Gujarat: the Sikka port that services the Reliance-owned Jamnagar refinery, and the Vadinar port that ships oil products from Nayara energies, which is partly owned (49.13%) by Rosneft, alleging that this could constitute “circumventing sanctions” imposed unilaterally by the U.S. and Europe.
● The Laundromat is a name given by the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project to a vast money-laundering scheme.Incorrect
Answer: A
Explanation:
Only statement 1 is correct. They are based on a recent report by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA). The details are as follows:
● The report, titled Laundromat: How the price cap coalition whitewashes Russian oil in third countries, by the Finland-based Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) published in April 2023.
● The report considers India, China, Singapore, the U.A.E. and Turkey to be named as ‘laundromat’ countries.
● India leads five countries named as the “Laundromat” countries that buy Russian oil and sell processed products to European countries, thus sidestepping European sanctions against Russia.
● Price cap coalition countries have increased imports of refined oil products from countries that have become the largest importers of Russian crude. This is a major loophole that can undermine the impact of the sanctions on Russia.
● The CREA report said the most oil products were being exported from two ports in Gujarat: the Sikka port that services the Reliance-owned Jamnagar refinery, and the Vadinar port that ships oil products from Nayara energies, which is partly owned (49.13%) by Rosneft, alleging that this could constitute “circumventing sanctions” imposed unilaterally by the U.S. and Europe.
● The Laundromat is a name given by the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project to a vast money-laundering scheme. -
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
2 points4. ‘Blue tick’ mark was in the news due to which one of the following reasons?
Correct
Answer: A
Explanation:
Option A is correct. All other options are not correct. It is due to:
● Option B is incorrect as Twitter Blue is priced differently for every region and is based on how one signs up.
● Option C is incorrect as only accounts actively subscribed to Twitter Blue are eligible to receive the blue checkmark.
● Option D is incorrect as there are eligibility criteria for getting the blue tick mark.
Read details of the blue tick news:
● Recently, Twitter has started removing the legacy ‘verified’ blue ticks from all accounts. The symbol previously used to signify a verified account vanished from users including the big names like Pope, Donald Trump, Shah Rukh Khan, Amitabh Bachchan, Alia Bhatt and politicians like CM Yogi Adityanath, Rahul Gandhi and Priyanka Gandhi and cricketers Virat Kohli and Rohit Sharma among others.
● Twitter owner Elon Musk had earlier pledged to get rid of what he described as a “lords and peasants system.” He offered instead to sell the blue badge to anyone who would pay $8 a month.
How Much Verified Twitter Blue ticks Cost Now:
● Twitter Blue is priced differently for every region and based on how you sign up. For example in the US, the blue verified tick is priced at $11 a month or $114.99 a year for iOS or Android users and $8 a month or $84 a year for web users.
● In India, the cost for the Blue badge is Rs 900 per month for iOS users, and Rs 9,400 for the whole year. For Android users, monthly pricing is Rs 900 while yearly pricing is Rs 9,400. The web monthly price is Rs 650 per month and Rs 6,800 for the year.
How to get verified blue tick on twitter
To get the blue tick verified tag users need to sign up and pay on this link –
https://twitter.com/i/twitter_blue_sign_up…
Organizations can user that link for sign up and payment:
https://twitter.com/i/verifiedorganizations/applyAs per twitter here is the eligibility criteria for the blue checkmark:
● Only accounts actively subscribed to Twitter Blue are eligible to receive the blue checkmark.
● Our team uses an eligibility criterion on when the checkmark is given to ensure we maintain the integrity of the platform. Your account must meet the following criteria to receive or retain the blue checkmark:
● Complete: Your account must have a display name and profile photo.
● Active use: Your account must be active in the past 30 days to subscribe to Twitter Blue.
● Security: Your account must be older than 30 days upon subscription and have a confirmed phone number.
● Non-Deceptive:
● Your account must have no recent changes to your profile photo, display name, or username (@handle)
● Your account must have no signs of being misleading or deceptive.
● Your account must have no signs of engaging in platform manipulation and spam.
The checkmark will appear once the Twitter team reviews the Twitter Blue subscribed account and if it meets our requirements.
As a result of this change, Twitter will no longer be accepting applications for the blue Verification checkmarks under the previous criteria (active, notable, and authentic).
In case of loss of the blue checkmark
In accordance with the Twitter Terms of Service, including our Purchaser terms, Twitter says that it may remove the checkmark of an account at any time without notice.Incorrect
Answer: A
Explanation:
Option A is correct. All other options are not correct. It is due to:
● Option B is incorrect as Twitter Blue is priced differently for every region and is based on how one signs up.
● Option C is incorrect as only accounts actively subscribed to Twitter Blue are eligible to receive the blue checkmark.
● Option D is incorrect as there are eligibility criteria for getting the blue tick mark.
Read details of the blue tick news:
● Recently, Twitter has started removing the legacy ‘verified’ blue ticks from all accounts. The symbol previously used to signify a verified account vanished from users including the big names like Pope, Donald Trump, Shah Rukh Khan, Amitabh Bachchan, Alia Bhatt and politicians like CM Yogi Adityanath, Rahul Gandhi and Priyanka Gandhi and cricketers Virat Kohli and Rohit Sharma among others.
● Twitter owner Elon Musk had earlier pledged to get rid of what he described as a “lords and peasants system.” He offered instead to sell the blue badge to anyone who would pay $8 a month.
How Much Verified Twitter Blue ticks Cost Now:
● Twitter Blue is priced differently for every region and based on how you sign up. For example in the US, the blue verified tick is priced at $11 a month or $114.99 a year for iOS or Android users and $8 a month or $84 a year for web users.
● In India, the cost for the Blue badge is Rs 900 per month for iOS users, and Rs 9,400 for the whole year. For Android users, monthly pricing is Rs 900 while yearly pricing is Rs 9,400. The web monthly price is Rs 650 per month and Rs 6,800 for the year.
How to get verified blue tick on twitter
To get the blue tick verified tag users need to sign up and pay on this link –
https://twitter.com/i/twitter_blue_sign_up…
Organizations can user that link for sign up and payment:
https://twitter.com/i/verifiedorganizations/applyAs per twitter here is the eligibility criteria for the blue checkmark:
● Only accounts actively subscribed to Twitter Blue are eligible to receive the blue checkmark.
● Our team uses an eligibility criterion on when the checkmark is given to ensure we maintain the integrity of the platform. Your account must meet the following criteria to receive or retain the blue checkmark:
● Complete: Your account must have a display name and profile photo.
● Active use: Your account must be active in the past 30 days to subscribe to Twitter Blue.
● Security: Your account must be older than 30 days upon subscription and have a confirmed phone number.
● Non-Deceptive:
● Your account must have no recent changes to your profile photo, display name, or username (@handle)
● Your account must have no signs of being misleading or deceptive.
● Your account must have no signs of engaging in platform manipulation and spam.
The checkmark will appear once the Twitter team reviews the Twitter Blue subscribed account and if it meets our requirements.
As a result of this change, Twitter will no longer be accepting applications for the blue Verification checkmarks under the previous criteria (active, notable, and authentic).
In case of loss of the blue checkmark
In accordance with the Twitter Terms of Service, including our Purchaser terms, Twitter says that it may remove the checkmark of an account at any time without notice. -
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
2 points5. Recently, the Sikka port and the port of Vadinar were in the news. In this context, which of the following statements is incorrect?
Correct
Answer: D
Explanation:
● Option D is incorrect. The correct statement is that Rosneft or other oil companies from Russia are free to transport crude oil to Vadinar, where it is refined and can be exported to other countries as oil products from India.
All the first three options statements are correct. The details are as follows:
Indian ports key players
● The Sikka port, located on the West coast of India in Gujarat, exported €2.7 billion worth petroleum products to the price cap coalition countries from December 2022 to February 2023.
● It turned out to be the port with the most significant amount of import of seaborne crude oil from Russia, which is refined further by the Jamnagar refinery owned by Reliance Industries.
● While the Indian port of Sikka recorded the highest amount of exports to the price cap coalition countries, the port of Vadinar, also on the west coast of Gujarat, followed as a close second.
● Between December 2022 and February 2023, the Vadinar port served as a hub to export €0.4 billion worth of seaborne oil products to the price-cap coalition countries. Vadinar also imported €1.6 billion worth of seaborne Russian crude oil.
● The Vadinar Oil refinery is owned by Nayara Energy Limited, of which Russian oil company Rosneft holds a 49.13 per cent share of Nayara Energy Limited.
● This situation where a Russian company owns an oil refinery in a third country highlights a possible way of circumventing sanctions. Rosneft or other oil companies from Russia are free to transport crude oil to Vadinar, where it is refined and can be exported to the price cap coalition countries as oil products from India.
● At the same time, it allows for collecting revenues for Russia by increasing demand for Russian crude that is refined in laundromat countries and sold to Price Cap Coalition countries.
● The above facts are based on the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA).Incorrect
Answer: D
Explanation:
● Option D is incorrect. The correct statement is that Rosneft or other oil companies from Russia are free to transport crude oil to Vadinar, where it is refined and can be exported to other countries as oil products from India.
All the first three options statements are correct. The details are as follows:
Indian ports key players
● The Sikka port, located on the West coast of India in Gujarat, exported €2.7 billion worth petroleum products to the price cap coalition countries from December 2022 to February 2023.
● It turned out to be the port with the most significant amount of import of seaborne crude oil from Russia, which is refined further by the Jamnagar refinery owned by Reliance Industries.
● While the Indian port of Sikka recorded the highest amount of exports to the price cap coalition countries, the port of Vadinar, also on the west coast of Gujarat, followed as a close second.
● Between December 2022 and February 2023, the Vadinar port served as a hub to export €0.4 billion worth of seaborne oil products to the price-cap coalition countries. Vadinar also imported €1.6 billion worth of seaborne Russian crude oil.
● The Vadinar Oil refinery is owned by Nayara Energy Limited, of which Russian oil company Rosneft holds a 49.13 per cent share of Nayara Energy Limited.
● This situation where a Russian company owns an oil refinery in a third country highlights a possible way of circumventing sanctions. Rosneft or other oil companies from Russia are free to transport crude oil to Vadinar, where it is refined and can be exported to the price cap coalition countries as oil products from India.
● At the same time, it allows for collecting revenues for Russia by increasing demand for Russian crude that is refined in laundromat countries and sold to Price Cap Coalition countries.
● The above facts are based on the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA).
