APPROACH
Introduction: Briefly introduce the Pala period.
THE BODY
• Pala period is the most significant phase in the history of Buddhism in India.
Conclusion: Pal rulers and the Pal dynasty is really the most significant in culture and education, in art and architecture, in power and interactions and in philosophical discourse were very important in the history of Buddhism.
Paldynasty as the ruler of Bengal wasfounded by Gopal probably by consensus, was the last Buddhist rule of eminence in India. Important kings were Dharma pal, Mahi pal, Devapal etc. Devapal is regarded the most powerful. Pals ruled over both Bengal and Bihar, once made Munger, their capital. Since this area was the land of Buddha they were respected in the Buddhist world. They extended their rule to Kamrup, Utkal, greater Bengal etc.
1. Religion and education: Buddhism has made education, part of religion. Gopal built the Audantapuri Vihar and university. Dharmapal, built the Vikramshila university and the adjacent monastery, Devpal, innovated the Somapura All of them enriched Nalanda university and expanded it. Shailendra, King of Java, donated five villages to Nalanda University at the time of Pala rulers.They initiated the Proto-Bengali language.
2. Atasi, the celebrated rector of Nalanda also taught in Tibet: There were numerous Buddhist scholars at their time. Pals had contacts with Abbasid khilfat of Arabs and probably the house of wisdom at Baghdad invited mathematicians from this region. Pals became aware of Greek and Roman philosophies through the Arabs.
3. They were Mahayani Buddhists: Many of them believed in Tantrik Buddhism; through them this reached Tibet and Mongolia. Some of them also followed Brahminism and constructed temples of Shiv and Vishnu. Religions sustain not only by the effectiveness of theology, they need the support of cannons, if not, they came under attack. After the Pals Buddhism lost political
4. Pals were great builders and patrons of art and culture: They have made metal and stone structures. They constructed large Buddhist images; the whole Bihar region have the imprint of Pal creations. The Bodhi shrine and nearby areas were reconstructed by the Pals. They got minted beautiful gold coins. The sculptures are beautiful. The paintings they promoted are extremely ornamental. Iconography became rigid. In Bengal; still the folk songs of Mahipal as Mahipal geet are popular. In a way Pals not only provided stability to Bengal but also enhanced its prestige in India and abroad.
Pal rulers and the Pal dynasty is really the most significant in culture and education, in art and architecture, in power and interactions and in philosophical discourse were very important in the history of Buddhism.
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