Prelims Mantra (Practice Questions) (11/03/2026)
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Prelims Mantra (Practice Questions) (11/03/2026)
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Question 1 of 7
1. Question
Consider the following statements regarding the Strait of Hormuz:
1. It connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman.
2. It is one of the most important chokepoints for global LNG trade.
3. It lies between Iran and Saudi Arabia.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: B
Explanation:
The strait lies between Iran and Oman/UAE, not Saudi Arabia.
Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation:
The strait lies between Iran and Oman/UAE, not Saudi Arabia.
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Question 2 of 7
2. Question
With reference to India’s FDI policy, consider the following statements:
1. Press Note 3 (2020) mandated government approval for investments from countries sharing land borders with India.
2. The rule was introduced mainly to prevent opportunistic takeovers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
3. Investments from such countries are completely banned in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect?
Correct
Answer: A
Explanation:
Statement 3 is incorrect because investments from countries sharing land borders with India are not “completely banned”; they are instead moved from the Automatic Route to the Government Approval Route.
Explanation of Statements:
-
- Statement 1 is correct: Press Note 3 (2020) mandated that any entity from a country sharing a land border with India, or where the beneficial owner is a citizen/resident of such a country, can only invest via the Government Route.
- Statement 2 is correct: The primary objective of this amendment was to curb opportunistic takeovers or acquisitions of Indian companies during the economic vulnerability caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Statement 3 is incorrect: FDI from these countries is regulated, not prohibited. While it requires prior government approval across all sectors, it is not a “complete ban”. Furthermore, recent policy updates in March 2026 have introduced a 10% automatic threshold for non-controlling stakes to ease these restrictions.
Incorrect
Answer: A
Explanation:
Statement 3 is incorrect because investments from countries sharing land borders with India are not “completely banned”; they are instead moved from the Automatic Route to the Government Approval Route.
Explanation of Statements:
-
- Statement 1 is correct: Press Note 3 (2020) mandated that any entity from a country sharing a land border with India, or where the beneficial owner is a citizen/resident of such a country, can only invest via the Government Route.
- Statement 2 is correct: The primary objective of this amendment was to curb opportunistic takeovers or acquisitions of Indian companies during the economic vulnerability caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Statement 3 is incorrect: FDI from these countries is regulated, not prohibited. While it requires prior government approval across all sectors, it is not a “complete ban”. Furthermore, recent policy updates in March 2026 have introduced a 10% automatic threshold for non-controlling stakes to ease these restrictions.
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Question 3 of 7
3. Question
Particle accelerators are used in which of the following fields?
1. Nuclear physics research
2. Cancer treatment using proton therapy
3. Production of medical radioisotopes
Select the correct answer:
Correct
Answer: D
Explanation:
Particle accelerators are versatile machines with a wide range of applications across research and medicine:
-
- 1) Nuclear physics research: Particle accelerators are fundamental tools for basic research in nuclear and particle physics. Large-scale facilities like the
Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
at CERN use them to collide subatomic particles to understand the fundamental building blocks of matter and the physical laws of the universe.
-
- 2) Cancer treatment using proton therapy: Proton therapy is a specialized form of external beam radiation therapy. It uses a particle accelerator (typically a cyclotron or synchrotron) to propel protons into a patient’s body, where they deposit their energy precisely at the tumor site while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
- 3) Production of medical radioisotopes: Accelerators, particularly cyclotrons, are used to produce radioisotopes for both medical diagnosis and therapy. These isotopes are essential for procedures like PET scans (e.g., Fluorine-18) and for targeted cancer treatments where radioactive atoms are attached to molecules that home in on diseased tissue.
Incorrect
Answer: D
Explanation:
Particle accelerators are versatile machines with a wide range of applications across research and medicine:
-
- 1) Nuclear physics research: Particle accelerators are fundamental tools for basic research in nuclear and particle physics. Large-scale facilities like the
Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
at CERN use them to collide subatomic particles to understand the fundamental building blocks of matter and the physical laws of the universe.
-
- 2) Cancer treatment using proton therapy: Proton therapy is a specialized form of external beam radiation therapy. It uses a particle accelerator (typically a cyclotron or synchrotron) to propel protons into a patient’s body, where they deposit their energy precisely at the tumor site while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
- 3) Production of medical radioisotopes: Accelerators, particularly cyclotrons, are used to produce radioisotopes for both medical diagnosis and therapy. These isotopes are essential for procedures like PET scans (e.g., Fluorine-18) and for targeted cancer treatments where radioactive atoms are attached to molecules that home in on diseased tissue.
-
Question 4 of 7
4. Question
With reference to polymetallic nodules, consider the following statements:
1. They are found mainly in shallow continental shelf regions.
2. They contain economically significant quantities of manganese, nickel and cobalt.
3. The International Seabed Authority regulates mineral exploration in areas beyond national jurisdiction.
4. India has been allotted an exploration area in the Central Indian Ocean Basin.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Answer: D
Explanation:
-
- Nodules occur in deep ocean basins, not continental shelves → Statement 1 incorrect.
- 2, 3 and 4 are factual.
Incorrect
Answer: D
Explanation:
-
- Nodules occur in deep ocean basins, not continental shelves → Statement 1 incorrect.
- 2, 3 and 4 are factual.
-
Question 5 of 7
5. Question
With reference to the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon, consider the following statements:
1. Urban heat islands occur primarily due to increased solar radiation received in cities.
2. Reduction in vegetation and high thermal capacity of construction materials contribute to UHI formation.
3. UHI intensity is generally higher during night-time than during daytime.
4. Increasing surface albedo in urban areas can help mitigate UHI effects.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Answer: C
Explanation:
-
- Solar radiation is not higher in cities, hence Statement 1 incorrect.
- Others are established climatological mechanisms.
Incorrect
Answer: C
Explanation:
-
- Solar radiation is not higher in cities, hence Statement 1 incorrect.
- Others are established climatological mechanisms.
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Question 6 of 7
6. Question
With reference to methane in the atmosphere, consider the following statements:
1. Methane has a shorter atmospheric lifetime than carbon dioxide.
2. Methane emissions originate only from anthropogenic activities.
3. Wetlands are a major natural source of methane emissions.
4. Reduction of methane emissions can produce relatively faster climate mitigation benefits compared to carbon dioxide reduction.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Answer: A
Explanation:
-
- Methane comes from natural and anthropogenic sources, making statement 2 incorrect.
Incorrect
Answer: A
Explanation:
-
- Methane comes from natural and anthropogenic sources, making statement 2 incorrect.
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Question 7 of 7
7. Question
With reference to Rare Earth Elements (REEs), consider the following statements:
1. They consist primarily of elements belonging to the lanthanide series of the periodic table.
2. Rare earth elements are extremely scarce in the Earth’s crust.
3. Monazite sands occurring along certain Indian coasts contain rare earth elements.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Answer: B
Explanation:
-
- REEs are relatively abundant, but economically concentrated deposits are rare.
Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation:
-
- REEs are relatively abundant, but economically concentrated deposits are rare.
