Day-707
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
1. Which of the following prizes/awards is also known as the Nobel Prize for the environment?
Correct
Answer: A
Context: The 2024 Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement was awarded to Johan Rockström for his groundbreaking contributions and pioneering work in the development of the Planetary Boundaries Framework.
Explanation:
The Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement was established in 1973 by John and Alice Tyler and launched by Ronald Reagan while serving as Governor of California. It is an annual award given for environmental science, health, and energy. Tyler Prize winners receive a $250,000 cash prize and a medal. The award is administered by the University of Southern California and is considered the “Nobel of the Environment.”
● Indian environmental economist Pavan Sukhdev was awarded the 2020 Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement on January 27, 2020.
Hence, option (A) is correct.Incorrect
Answer: A
Context: The 2024 Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement was awarded to Johan Rockström for his groundbreaking contributions and pioneering work in the development of the Planetary Boundaries Framework.
Explanation:
The Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement was established in 1973 by John and Alice Tyler and launched by Ronald Reagan while serving as Governor of California. It is an annual award given for environmental science, health, and energy. Tyler Prize winners receive a $250,000 cash prize and a medal. The award is administered by the University of Southern California and is considered the “Nobel of the Environment.”
● Indian environmental economist Pavan Sukhdev was awarded the 2020 Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement on January 27, 2020.
Hence, option (A) is correct. -
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
2. Consider the following with reference to the Captive Elephant (Transfer or Transport) Rules, 2024:
1. The owner is no longer in a position to maintain the elephant.
2. The elephant will have a better upkeep than in the present circumstances.
3. He deems it fit and proper in the circumstances of the case for better upkeep of the elephant.
In how many of the above cases, the transfer of the elephant may be permitted by the Chief Wildlife Warden?Correct
Answer: C
Context: The Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) has notified the Captive Elephant (Transfer or Transport) Rules, 2024, which liberalises the conditions for transferring elephants within or between states.
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: The Chief Wildlife Warden will determine that the owner can no longer maintain the elephant under the Captive Elephants (Transfer or Transport) Rules, 2024. The condition indicates that the owner cannot adequately care for and support the elephant. If the Chief Wildlife Warden determines that the elephant’s well-being has been compromised due to the owner’s inability to maintain it, transfer for better care and maintenance may be permitted.
Statement 2 is correct: The following steps have been taken for the care of elephants under the Captive Elephants (Transfer or Transport) Rules, 2024.
● Before transfer within a state, the health of the elephant must be confirmed by a veterinarian.
● The suitability of both existing and potential habitat should be verified by the Deputy Conservator of Forests.
● Approval or rejection of translocation based on these assessments is at the discretion of the Chief Wildlife Warden.
● Additionally, the genetic profile of the elephant must be registered with MoEF&CC before transfer.
● The elephant should be accompanied by a mahout and an elephant helper.
● A health certificate from a veterinarian confirming suitability for transportation is mandatory.
● If necessary for infectious diseases, transportation should take place after completion of the quarantine period.
● Arrangements for proper food and water should be made during transportation.
● Tranquilizers/sedatives will be used in consultation with the veterinarian to control nervous or irritable elephants.
In the current circumstances, the Captive Elephants (Transfer or Transport) Rules, 2024 will provide better maintenance to the elephants.
Statement 3 is correct: This condition gives the Chief Wildlife Warden discretionary power to determine whether it is necessary and appropriate to relocate the elephant to ensure its welfare and maintenance. If the Chief Wildlife Warden feels that the transfer is justified in the circumstances to ensure better care of the elephant, the transfer may be approved.
Additional information
● Until August 2022, the Wildlife Protection Act 1972 explicitly prohibited the trade in wildlife including both wild and captive elephants.
● The Captive Elephant (Transfer or Transport) Rules, 2024 stem from amendments to the Wildlife Protection Act in 2022 exempting captive elephants from the prohibition on wildlife trade.
● A Parliamentary Committee recommended the deletion of this exemption clause for elephants and providing only an exemption for elephants owned by temple trusts and argued that a “careful balance” between traditions and conservation was needed.
● Despite recommendations to delete this exemption, the final amended act retains it, allowing transfers only for elephants with an existing certificate of ownershipIncorrect
Answer: C
Context: The Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) has notified the Captive Elephant (Transfer or Transport) Rules, 2024, which liberalises the conditions for transferring elephants within or between states.
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: The Chief Wildlife Warden will determine that the owner can no longer maintain the elephant under the Captive Elephants (Transfer or Transport) Rules, 2024. The condition indicates that the owner cannot adequately care for and support the elephant. If the Chief Wildlife Warden determines that the elephant’s well-being has been compromised due to the owner’s inability to maintain it, transfer for better care and maintenance may be permitted.
Statement 2 is correct: The following steps have been taken for the care of elephants under the Captive Elephants (Transfer or Transport) Rules, 2024.
● Before transfer within a state, the health of the elephant must be confirmed by a veterinarian.
● The suitability of both existing and potential habitat should be verified by the Deputy Conservator of Forests.
● Approval or rejection of translocation based on these assessments is at the discretion of the Chief Wildlife Warden.
● Additionally, the genetic profile of the elephant must be registered with MoEF&CC before transfer.
● The elephant should be accompanied by a mahout and an elephant helper.
● A health certificate from a veterinarian confirming suitability for transportation is mandatory.
● If necessary for infectious diseases, transportation should take place after completion of the quarantine period.
● Arrangements for proper food and water should be made during transportation.
● Tranquilizers/sedatives will be used in consultation with the veterinarian to control nervous or irritable elephants.
In the current circumstances, the Captive Elephants (Transfer or Transport) Rules, 2024 will provide better maintenance to the elephants.
Statement 3 is correct: This condition gives the Chief Wildlife Warden discretionary power to determine whether it is necessary and appropriate to relocate the elephant to ensure its welfare and maintenance. If the Chief Wildlife Warden feels that the transfer is justified in the circumstances to ensure better care of the elephant, the transfer may be approved.
Additional information
● Until August 2022, the Wildlife Protection Act 1972 explicitly prohibited the trade in wildlife including both wild and captive elephants.
● The Captive Elephant (Transfer or Transport) Rules, 2024 stem from amendments to the Wildlife Protection Act in 2022 exempting captive elephants from the prohibition on wildlife trade.
● A Parliamentary Committee recommended the deletion of this exemption clause for elephants and providing only an exemption for elephants owned by temple trusts and argued that a “careful balance” between traditions and conservation was needed.
● Despite recommendations to delete this exemption, the final amended act retains it, allowing transfers only for elephants with an existing certificate of ownership -
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
3. Sunset Yellow, Tartrazine and Rhodamine-B, recently mentioned in the media due to their harmful health effects, are:
Correct
Answer: A
Context: Recently, the Tamil Nadu government banned the sale and production of cotton candy in the state after it was found that the chemicals Tartrazine and rhodamine-B were being used to make it.
Explanation:
About the Rhodamine-B and Tartrazine:
It is a water-soluble chemical compound. While it appears green in powder form, it turns bright fluorescent pink when in contact with water. It is commonly used for dyeing in the textile, paper, leather, and paint industries. It is a chemical used as a colouring agent which helps in obtaining red and pink colours.
● According to the Food Safety Standards Act, 2006, preparing, packaging, importing, selling, and serving food items containing Rhodamine-B at wedding ceremonies and other public functions is a punishable offence.
● It is an industrial colour that is not allowed to be added to food anywhere in the world because it is poisonous.
● Rhodamine B is a chemical compound commonly used in synthetic dyes for colouring silk, jute, leather, cotton, and wool, as well as in the cosmetics and plastics industries.
● Tartrazine is a bright yellow azo dye that is more stable and is a cheaper alternative to natural food colours. According to the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), no colouring matter should be added to food unless food safety and it is not permitted in the Standards (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations, 2011.
Hence, option (A) is correct.Incorrect
Answer: A
Context: Recently, the Tamil Nadu government banned the sale and production of cotton candy in the state after it was found that the chemicals Tartrazine and rhodamine-B were being used to make it.
Explanation:
About the Rhodamine-B and Tartrazine:
It is a water-soluble chemical compound. While it appears green in powder form, it turns bright fluorescent pink when in contact with water. It is commonly used for dyeing in the textile, paper, leather, and paint industries. It is a chemical used as a colouring agent which helps in obtaining red and pink colours.
● According to the Food Safety Standards Act, 2006, preparing, packaging, importing, selling, and serving food items containing Rhodamine-B at wedding ceremonies and other public functions is a punishable offence.
● It is an industrial colour that is not allowed to be added to food anywhere in the world because it is poisonous.
● Rhodamine B is a chemical compound commonly used in synthetic dyes for colouring silk, jute, leather, cotton, and wool, as well as in the cosmetics and plastics industries.
● Tartrazine is a bright yellow azo dye that is more stable and is a cheaper alternative to natural food colours. According to the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), no colouring matter should be added to food unless food safety and it is not permitted in the Standards (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations, 2011.
Hence, option (A) is correct. -
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
4. Consider the following statements about PRATUSH telescope:
1. It is a radio telescope to be placed on the moon’s far side.
2. It is being built by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics in collaboration with ISRO.
3. It will help to detect signals from the first stars and galaxies.
How many of the above statements are correct?Correct
Answer: B
Context: Astronomers globally are looking forward to a new era of exploration with high-resolution telescopes placed in orbit on and around the Moon.
Explanation:
Statements 1 is correct & Statements 2 is incorrect: PRATUSH is a radio telescope designed to be placed on the far side of the Moon. It was constructed by Raman Research Institute (RRI), Bengaluru, and the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO).
Statement 3 is correct: It aims to uncover the timing and characteristics of the formation of the first stars in the universe, including the color of light during cosmic dawn.
● It will reveal the evolution of our early universe from its initial cold gas state to the formation of stars, galaxies, and the universe as we see it today after the Big Bang. Cosmic Dawn marks the period when the first sources of radiation in the universe, such as stars and galaxies, formed.Incorrect
Answer: B
Context: Astronomers globally are looking forward to a new era of exploration with high-resolution telescopes placed in orbit on and around the Moon.
Explanation:
Statements 1 is correct & Statements 2 is incorrect: PRATUSH is a radio telescope designed to be placed on the far side of the Moon. It was constructed by Raman Research Institute (RRI), Bengaluru, and the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO).
Statement 3 is correct: It aims to uncover the timing and characteristics of the formation of the first stars in the universe, including the color of light during cosmic dawn.
● It will reveal the evolution of our early universe from its initial cold gas state to the formation of stars, galaxies, and the universe as we see it today after the Big Bang. Cosmic Dawn marks the period when the first sources of radiation in the universe, such as stars and galaxies, formed. -
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
5. Consider the following pairs:
New Developments – Cities
1. India’s first underwater metro line – Kochi
2. India’s first floating CNG station – Kolkata
3. India’s first undersea tunnel – Mumbai
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?Correct
Answer: A
Context: On November 26, 2023, Union Petroleum and Natural Gas Minister Hardeep Singh Puri remotely launched the Floating Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Mobile Refuelling Unit (MRU) station at Ravidas Ghat on the banks of Ganga.
Explanation:
Pair 1 is incorrectly matched: India’s first underwater metro line is in Kolkata. The East-West Metro project in Kolkata includes an underwater section beneath the Hooghly River.
Pair 2 is incorrectly matched: The Floating CNG Mother Station at Namo Ghat, the first in the world, is in Varanasi.
● This is the world’s first mobile station. CNG is now available at Namo Ghat and Ravidas Ghat, and this facility has also been made available at Ravidas Ghat in the south.
Pair 3 is correctly matched: India’s first undersea tunnel, part of the Mumbai Coastal Road project, connects the city’s Marine Drive area to Worli. It is designed to ease traffic congestion in Mumbai.
New Developments – Cities
1. India’s first underwater metro line – Kolkata
2. India’s first floating CNG station – Varanasi
3. India’s first undersea tunnel – MumbaiIncorrect
Answer: A
Context: On November 26, 2023, Union Petroleum and Natural Gas Minister Hardeep Singh Puri remotely launched the Floating Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Mobile Refuelling Unit (MRU) station at Ravidas Ghat on the banks of Ganga.
Explanation:
Pair 1 is incorrectly matched: India’s first underwater metro line is in Kolkata. The East-West Metro project in Kolkata includes an underwater section beneath the Hooghly River.
Pair 2 is incorrectly matched: The Floating CNG Mother Station at Namo Ghat, the first in the world, is in Varanasi.
● This is the world’s first mobile station. CNG is now available at Namo Ghat and Ravidas Ghat, and this facility has also been made available at Ravidas Ghat in the south.
Pair 3 is correctly matched: India’s first undersea tunnel, part of the Mumbai Coastal Road project, connects the city’s Marine Drive area to Worli. It is designed to ease traffic congestion in Mumbai.
New Developments – Cities
1. India’s first underwater metro line – Kolkata
2. India’s first floating CNG station – Varanasi
3. India’s first undersea tunnel – Mumbai
