TAG: GS-1: HISTORY & PERSONALITY
The context: The Nobel Peace Prize 2024 has been awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, an organisation of survivors of the Hiroshima-Nagasaki bombings.
EXPLANATION:
About Nihon Hidankyo
- Nihon Hidankyo, founded in 1956, is a group that brings together atomic bomb survivors from across Japan. The full name of the organization translates to “Japan Confederation of A- and H-Bomb Sufferers Organizations.”
- Their mission is to advocate for nuclear disarmament and protect the rights of Hibakusha. The group works to educate people about the dangers of nuclear war and collects stories from survivors to preserve their experiences. Nihon Hidankyo also collaborates with international peace organizations to promote a global movement against nuclear weapons.
What is the Background of the Atomic Bomb?
- During World War II, scientists discovered how to split atoms, a process called nuclear fission, which led to the creation of atomic bombs.
- The United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan in August 1945, targeting the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. These bombs caused massive destruction and killed tens of thousands of people instantly, with many more dying later from radiation effects.
- The bombings forced Japan to surrender, ending the war, but they also sparked a worldwide debate about the ethics of using such powerful weapons.
Who are the Hibakusha?
- Hibakusha is the Japanese word for survivors of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings. Many Hibakusha suffered long-term health problems from radiation exposure, and their stories are a powerful reminder of the horrors of nuclear warfare.
- Their experiences have been essential in the global fight for nuclear disarmament, helping people understand the catastrophic consequences of using these weapons.
What is the “Nuclear Taboo”?
- The efforts of Nihon Hidankyo and other peace organizations have helped create what is known as the “nuclear taboo.” This is a widespread belief that using nuclear weapons is unacceptable. This taboo has been influential in preventing their use in conflict since World War II. However, this belief is being challenged as more countries develop nuclear weapons and existing nuclear powers expand their arsenals. Nihon Hidankyo continues to work to strengthen this taboo and prevent any future use of nuclear weapons.
Source:
https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/nobel-peace-prize-2024-nihon-hidankyo-9615746/
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