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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
1. Consider the following statements about the European Free Trade Association (EFTA):
1. It was established in 1960 by the Stockholm Convention.
2. It, currently, has 5 member countries which include Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Sweden, and Switzerland.
3. Among the EFTA countries, Switzerland is the largest trading partner of India followed by Norway.
4. India and the EFTA have recently signed a Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA).
How many of the above statements are correct?Correct
Answer: C
Context: India and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) recently signed the Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA).
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: The EFTA was historically one of the free trade blocs among Western European countries. The Stockholm Convention was established on 3 May 1960 as an alternative trade bloc for those European states closely associated with its historic rival, the European Union.
Statement 2 is incorrect: European Free Trade Association currently has four member countries Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. All EFTA members are open, competitive economies committed to progressive liberalisation of trade in the multinational sector as well as free trade agreements.
Statement 3 is correct: India’s exports to European Free Trade Association countries stood at US$ 1.92 billion during 2022-23, while imports stood at US$ 16.74 billion. Bilateral trade between India and EFTA stood at US$ 18.65 billion in 2022-23. Switzerland is India’s largest trading partner, followed by Norway. In fact, India has a trade deficit with Switzerland, mainly due to gold imports.
Statement 4 is correct: India signed the Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) with the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), consisting of Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein, on 10 March 2024. It promised to enhance cooperation on trade, investment promotion, intellectual property and sustainable development, among other areas.Incorrect
Answer: C
Context: India and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) recently signed the Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA).
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: The EFTA was historically one of the free trade blocs among Western European countries. The Stockholm Convention was established on 3 May 1960 as an alternative trade bloc for those European states closely associated with its historic rival, the European Union.
Statement 2 is incorrect: European Free Trade Association currently has four member countries Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. All EFTA members are open, competitive economies committed to progressive liberalisation of trade in the multinational sector as well as free trade agreements.
Statement 3 is correct: India’s exports to European Free Trade Association countries stood at US$ 1.92 billion during 2022-23, while imports stood at US$ 16.74 billion. Bilateral trade between India and EFTA stood at US$ 18.65 billion in 2022-23. Switzerland is India’s largest trading partner, followed by Norway. In fact, India has a trade deficit with Switzerland, mainly due to gold imports.
Statement 4 is correct: India signed the Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) with the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), consisting of Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein, on 10 March 2024. It promised to enhance cooperation on trade, investment promotion, intellectual property and sustainable development, among other areas. -
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
2. Consider the following statements about the International Court of Justice:
1. It is composed of 15 judges elected to nine-year terms of office by the United Nations General Assembly and the Security Council.
2. One third of the total judges are elected every three years.
3. Judges are not eligible for re-election.
4. The President and Vice-President are elected by the Members of the Court every three years by secret ballot.
How many of the above statements are correct?Correct
Answer: C
Context: A group of 16 countries led by Vanuatu – an island country in the South Pacific Ocean, recently launched an effort to fight the problem of climate change at the United Nations (UN), and the group seeks an advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on the issue of climate change.
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: The International Court of Justice consists of 15 judges, but they are not elected solely by the UN General Assembly and Security Council. Rather, they are independently chosen by the UN General Assembly and the UN Security Council. Each organ elects 5 judges to the ICJ.
Statement 2 is correct: ICJ judges are elected for a nine-year term, and the tenure is staggered to ensure continuity. Therefore, In order to ensure a degree of continuity, one third of the Court is elected every three years.
Statement 3 is incorrect: Judges are eligible for re-election. If a judge dies or resigns during his or her term, a special election is held as soon as possible to choose a judge to fill the remainder of the term. Elections are held during the annual autumn session of the General Assembly in New York (United States).
Statement 4 is correct: The President and Vice-President of the ICJ are elected by their fellow judges for a term of three years, and the election takes place by secret ballot among the members of the Court.Incorrect
Answer: C
Context: A group of 16 countries led by Vanuatu – an island country in the South Pacific Ocean, recently launched an effort to fight the problem of climate change at the United Nations (UN), and the group seeks an advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on the issue of climate change.
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: The International Court of Justice consists of 15 judges, but they are not elected solely by the UN General Assembly and Security Council. Rather, they are independently chosen by the UN General Assembly and the UN Security Council. Each organ elects 5 judges to the ICJ.
Statement 2 is correct: ICJ judges are elected for a nine-year term, and the tenure is staggered to ensure continuity. Therefore, In order to ensure a degree of continuity, one third of the Court is elected every three years.
Statement 3 is incorrect: Judges are eligible for re-election. If a judge dies or resigns during his or her term, a special election is held as soon as possible to choose a judge to fill the remainder of the term. Elections are held during the annual autumn session of the General Assembly in New York (United States).
Statement 4 is correct: The President and Vice-President of the ICJ are elected by their fellow judges for a term of three years, and the election takes place by secret ballot among the members of the Court. -
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
3. The term ‘laundromat countries’ seen in the media, refers to –
Correct
Answer: D
Context: India is leading among “laundromat” countries buying crude oil from Russia and selling processed oil products to European countries, a report by the Finland-based group said.
Explanation:
● “Laundromat” countries refer to countries that buy cheap crude oil from Russia and convert it into refined petroleum products, which are “laundered” in Europe and other G7 countries. India, China, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates and Turkey have been designated as laundromat countries.
● Among the five laundromat countries, India remains the largest global consumer of seaborne Russian crude oil and is exporting about 3.8 million tonnes of processed oil products to the “Price Cap Coalition” countries, according to the CREA report.
● The “Price Cap Coalition” prohibits trading and insurance of any oil bought from Russia above a certain price. The Price Cap Coalition countries include the European Union (EU), G-7 countries, Australia and Japan.
Hence, option (D) is correct.Incorrect
Answer: D
Context: India is leading among “laundromat” countries buying crude oil from Russia and selling processed oil products to European countries, a report by the Finland-based group said.
Explanation:
● “Laundromat” countries refer to countries that buy cheap crude oil from Russia and convert it into refined petroleum products, which are “laundered” in Europe and other G7 countries. India, China, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates and Turkey have been designated as laundromat countries.
● Among the five laundromat countries, India remains the largest global consumer of seaborne Russian crude oil and is exporting about 3.8 million tonnes of processed oil products to the “Price Cap Coalition” countries, according to the CREA report.
● The “Price Cap Coalition” prohibits trading and insurance of any oil bought from Russia above a certain price. The Price Cap Coalition countries include the European Union (EU), G-7 countries, Australia and Japan.
Hence, option (D) is correct. -
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
4. Consider the following statements about the Global Renewables & Energy Efficiency Pledge:
1. It is an initiative led by the European Union, the UAE, and the US.
2. It seeks to double the global average annual rate of energy efficiency improvements from around 2% to over 4% every year until 2030.
3. The pledge is legally binding.
4. India has signed the pledge.
How many of the above statements are correct?Correct
Answer: B
Context: Recently, the 28th Conference of Parties (COP-28) took place in Dubai, UAE, with representatives from 197 countries presenting their initiatives to curb global warming and engaging in discussions on future climate actions.
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: This initiative is jointly led by the European Union, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and the United States of America (US). It aims to triple installed renewable energy capacity worldwide to at least 11,000 gigawatts (GW) by 2030.
Statement
Statement 2 is correct: The “Global Renewables and Energy Efficiency Pledge,” countries commit to doubling the global average annual rate of energy efficiency improvements. The target is to increase it from around 2% to over 4% every year until 2030. The International Energy Agency and the International Renewable Energy Agency forecast that, to limit warming to 1.5°C, the world requires three times more renewable energy capacity by 2030, or at least 11,000 GW, and must double the global average annual rate of energy efficiency improvements from around 2% to over 4% every year until 2030.
Statement 3 is incorrect: The Global Renewables & Energy Efficiency Pledge is not legally binding. It is a voluntary commitment by participating countries and organizations to work towards specific energy efficiency goals.
Statement 4 is incorrect: India has not signed the Global Renewables and Energy Efficiency Pledge. The pledge was signed by 130 countries at COP28 and aims to triple the world’s renewable energy capacity to 11,000 GW and double energy efficiency improvements by 2030. India and China did not sign the pledge because it calls for phasing down coal and ending investments in new coal-fired power plants. However, India did support a commitment to work towards tripling global renewable energy capacity by 2030 as part of the G20 in September 2023.Incorrect
Answer: B
Context: Recently, the 28th Conference of Parties (COP-28) took place in Dubai, UAE, with representatives from 197 countries presenting their initiatives to curb global warming and engaging in discussions on future climate actions.
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: This initiative is jointly led by the European Union, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and the United States of America (US). It aims to triple installed renewable energy capacity worldwide to at least 11,000 gigawatts (GW) by 2030.
Statement
Statement 2 is correct: The “Global Renewables and Energy Efficiency Pledge,” countries commit to doubling the global average annual rate of energy efficiency improvements. The target is to increase it from around 2% to over 4% every year until 2030. The International Energy Agency and the International Renewable Energy Agency forecast that, to limit warming to 1.5°C, the world requires three times more renewable energy capacity by 2030, or at least 11,000 GW, and must double the global average annual rate of energy efficiency improvements from around 2% to over 4% every year until 2030.
Statement 3 is incorrect: The Global Renewables & Energy Efficiency Pledge is not legally binding. It is a voluntary commitment by participating countries and organizations to work towards specific energy efficiency goals.
Statement 4 is incorrect: India has not signed the Global Renewables and Energy Efficiency Pledge. The pledge was signed by 130 countries at COP28 and aims to triple the world’s renewable energy capacity to 11,000 GW and double energy efficiency improvements by 2030. India and China did not sign the pledge because it calls for phasing down coal and ending investments in new coal-fired power plants. However, India did support a commitment to work towards tripling global renewable energy capacity by 2030 as part of the G20 in September 2023. -
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
5. Recently, Kozhikode and Gwalior were added to the UNESCO Creative Cities Network for their creativeness in which of the following fields, respectively?
Correct
Answer: A
Context: Recently, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) announced 55 new cities in its Creative Cities Network (UCCN). Two new entrant cities of India were added to this.
Explanation:
What is the Significance of Kozhikode and Gwalior?
Kozhikode as City of Literature:
● Kozhikode is the first city in India to receive the prestigious title of ‘City of Literature’ by UNESCO.
● The city has a long history of hosting various literary events, such as the Kerala Literature Festival, which is one of the largest literary gatherings in Asia.
● This acknowledgement reinforces the city’s role as a hub for intellectual exchange and literary discussions.
● Kozhikode carried the distinction of being home to over 500 libraries.
● The city is also home to many renowned writers, including S. K. Pottekkatt (the most celebrated writer of the city), Thikkodiyan and P. Valsala Sanjayan, along with poets, scholars, and publishers who have contributed to the diversity and vibrancy of Malayalam literature and culture.
Gwalior as the City of Music:
● Gwalior is the second city in India to be designated as the ‘City of Music’ by UNESCO, after Varanasi in 2015.
● The city is widely regarded as the birthplace of Tansen, one of the greatest musicians and composers in Indian history, who was also one of the ‘Navratnas’ (nine jewels) in the court of Emperor Akbar.
● The city is also the origin of the Gwalior Gharana, the oldest and most influential school of Hindustani classical music.
● The city hosts one of the biggest annual music festivals in India, the Tansen Sangeet Samaroh, which attracts thousands of music lovers and artists from across the country and abroad.
Other Indian cities which are added to this network:
● Srinagar and Jaipur: in the field of crafts and folk arts
● Mumbai: Film category
● Chennai and Varanasi: Music category
● Hyderabad: Gastronomy category.Incorrect
Answer: A
Context: Recently, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) announced 55 new cities in its Creative Cities Network (UCCN). Two new entrant cities of India were added to this.
Explanation:
What is the Significance of Kozhikode and Gwalior?
Kozhikode as City of Literature:
● Kozhikode is the first city in India to receive the prestigious title of ‘City of Literature’ by UNESCO.
● The city has a long history of hosting various literary events, such as the Kerala Literature Festival, which is one of the largest literary gatherings in Asia.
● This acknowledgement reinforces the city’s role as a hub for intellectual exchange and literary discussions.
● Kozhikode carried the distinction of being home to over 500 libraries.
● The city is also home to many renowned writers, including S. K. Pottekkatt (the most celebrated writer of the city), Thikkodiyan and P. Valsala Sanjayan, along with poets, scholars, and publishers who have contributed to the diversity and vibrancy of Malayalam literature and culture.
Gwalior as the City of Music:
● Gwalior is the second city in India to be designated as the ‘City of Music’ by UNESCO, after Varanasi in 2015.
● The city is widely regarded as the birthplace of Tansen, one of the greatest musicians and composers in Indian history, who was also one of the ‘Navratnas’ (nine jewels) in the court of Emperor Akbar.
● The city is also the origin of the Gwalior Gharana, the oldest and most influential school of Hindustani classical music.
● The city hosts one of the biggest annual music festivals in India, the Tansen Sangeet Samaroh, which attracts thousands of music lovers and artists from across the country and abroad.
Other Indian cities which are added to this network:
● Srinagar and Jaipur: in the field of crafts and folk arts
● Mumbai: Film category
● Chennai and Varanasi: Music category
● Hyderabad: Gastronomy category.