KATHUA ATTACK: SECURITY WITH DEMOCRACY

THE CONTEXT: The recent assault, on a convoy of Indian Army troops in Kathua, Jammu and Kashmir leading to the loss of five soldiers exposes a rise in terrorist incidents in the Jammu area. This event is one example of an increasing wave of violence that has seen attacks this year, indicating a change in the landscape of militancy from Kashmir Valley to Jammu. Despite these difficulties, the reported decrease in violence in J&K by the Union Home Ministry provides a glimmer of hope.

THE ISSUES:

• Shift in Terrorist Activity: There has been a change, in the pattern of incidents moving from the Kashmir Valley to the Jammu region particularly around the Pir Panjal range. This year there have been significant events in Jammu suggesting a shift, in the strategy of terrorist activities.
• Challenges for Security Forces: Security personnel need to adjust to changing areas of deployment. The recent incidents, such, as the surprise attack in Kathua and the two strikes, in Kulgam underscore the importance of enhancing tactics and following procedures to avert similar high casualty events.
• Declining Violence Trends: Despite the increase, in attacks there is a pattern of decreasing violence in Jammu and Kashmir. As per the Union Home Ministry, between 2017 and 2022 there has been a decrease, in infiltrations, civilian casualties and incidents instigated by terrorists.
• Political Normalcy and Elections: As the Supreme Court’s deadline for holding elections in Jammu and Kashmir draws near, there is a growing worry that escalating terrorist activities are intended to hinder the restoration of stability. The significant voter turnout in the Lok Sabha elections, marking a 35-year high, indicates the public’s support for practices rather than resorting to violence.
• Pakistan’s Role in Terrorism: Pakistans ongoing reliance, on terrorism as a strategy for its security and foreign relations poses a concern. While there are indications of gestures and trade initiatives the consistent backing of terrorism hampers any chances of diplomatic progress. To achieve peace and stability it is crucial for Pakistan to renounce its backing, for activities.

THE WAY FORWARD:

• Improving Intelligence and Surveillance: Enhancing intelligence networks and fostering community involvement can play a crucial role in closing this divide. Utilizing cutting edge surveillance technologies, like drones and precise firepower tools can enhance the efficiency of terrorism efforts. Regular training sessions and protocol revisions informed by events can boost readiness and swift responses.
• Political and Social Engagement: Conducting elections promptly as the court requires is essential to bring back political stability. Programs that support representation and responsibility can build faith and collaboration between the government and its people. Reviving tourism and economic ventures can offer sources of income and lessen the appeal of extremist activities. Offering education and job prospects to individuals can deter them from joining terrorist groups.
• Diplomatic and Strategic Measures: Utilizing international platforms like the United Nations to hold Pakistan responsible for its backing of terrorism could help reduce its involvement in such activities. Persistent monitoring by FATF and other international groups may compel Pakistan to dismantle networks and cease funding. Past instances have demonstrated that unofficial discussions have occasionally resulted in truce and decreased levels of violence. Working with neighboring nations and regional groups to address terrorism can improve safety and stability in South Asia.
• Community and Civil Society Involvement: Engaging with communities in policing is key to building trust and collaboration. It’s beneficial to involve civil society groups in activities that promote peace and resolve conflicts alongside government initiatives to curb violence and foster unity. Offering de-radicalization and rehabilitation programs for those at risk of terrorism can deter recruitment and aid their reintegration into society. Combating propaganda through media campaigns plays a vital role in dissuading individuals from extremist groups while promoting messages of peace and coexistence.

THE CONCLUSION:

As the deadline set by the Supreme Court for conducting elections in Jammu and Kashmir looms closer, the government must remain dedicated to reinstating stability and tackling the root causes of disconnection felt by the people. Despite Pakistan’s backing of terrorism posing a significant challenge, a comprehensive approach that combines strong security measures with political involvement is vital. Sustainable peace and stability in the area can only be attained through measures and an inclusive approach to governance.

UPSC PAST YEAR QUESTIONS:

Q.1 Analyze the complexity and intensity of terrorism, its causes, linkages, and obnoxious nexus. Also suggest measures required to be taken to eradicate the menace of terrorism. 2021

Q.2 The scourge of terrorism is a grave challenge to national security. What solutions do you suggest curbing this growing menace? What are the primary sources of terrorist funding? 2017

Q.3 Winning ‘Hearts and Minds’ in terrorism-affected areas is essential in restoring the population’s trust. Discuss the measures adopted by the Government in this respect as part of the conflict resolution in Jammu and Kashmir. 2023

MAINS PRACTICE QUESTION:

Q.1 Discuss the recent shift in terrorist activities from the Kashmir Valley to the Jammu region in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K). What implications does this shift have for the region’s security situation and political process?

SOURCE:

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/editorials/kathua-attack-security-with-democracy-9443297/