Day-619 | Daily MCQs | UPSC Prelims | CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS

Answer: A
Context: Recently as per the World Health Organization (WHO) reports that cervical cancer kills more than 300,000 people worldwide every year. Human papillomavirus vaccine has been introduced to fight this disease globally. Which means that by 2030, 90% of the people aged between 35 to 45 years are to be treated.
What is a the Cervical cancer (Adenocarcinoma)
Cervical cancer is a growth of cells that starts in the cervix. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. Various strains of the human papillomavirus, also called HPV, play a role in causing most cervical cancers. HPV is a common infection that’s passed through sexual contact.
What are the symptoms of cervical cancer (Adenocarcinoma)
● Persistent pain in the pelvis or lower back.
● Bleeding after sexual intercourse.
● Menstrual bleeding that lasts longer or is heavier than usual.
● Postmenopausal bleeding.
● Unusual bleeding between periods.
● Pain or discomfort during urination.
● Significant and unexplained weight loss.
● Persistent fatigue and lack of energy.
● Changes in bowel habits, such as constipation or diarrhea.
Hence, Option (a) is the correct answer.

Answer: A
Explanation:
Context: China recently announced Chang’e-7 mission schedule of lunch around 2026 for footprint in space exploration.
Pair 1 is matched correctly: Crew-9 Mission This is a NASA mission that will deliver four crew members to the International Space Station (ISS),Which should be launched by February 2024.
Pair 2 is matched incorrectly: The Chang’e-6 mission, slated for launch around 2024, is part of China’s broader strategy to deepen its footprint in space exploration.
● Chang’e-6 mission is expected to touch down on the moon in 2024.
● It is tasked with collecting samples from the far side of the moon.
Pair 3 is matched incorrectly: ISRO’s PSLV-C58 launches XPoSat satellite into low eastward inclination orbit in January 2024.
● The PSLV Orbital Experimental Module-3 (POEM-3) experiment will be executed carrying 10 identified payloads supplied by ISRO and IN-Space.
Pair 4 is matched incorrectly:The SLIM space mission was successfully landed on the lunar surface by the Japan Space Agency in February 2024. “I believe this was a major step forward,” said Hitoshi Kuninaka, JAXA director general.

Answer: D
Context: At the recent COP28, NASA and IBM announced that an Artificial intelligence (AI) tool called watsonx.ai would be available on the open-source AI platform Hugging Space.
Watsonx.ai will help users monitor the Earth from space, measuring environmental changes that have already happened while also making predictions about the future.
● Hurricane tracks can be predicted with more accuracy three days in advance.
● The technology could also apply to businesses, helping disaster response teams to prepare for fires impacting residential housing or helping supply chain logistics companies better understand macro weather patterns.
● AI-enabled vehicles have the potential to minimize energy use by mapping and identifying the most efficient routes.
● In agriculture, 40 percent of freshwater usage is wasted on average but with AI technology, farmers can optimize crop irrigation, reducing water wastage and leading to more productive harvests.
● When this type of generative AI is used in weather forecasting in the future, it may be possible to anticipate hurricanes, droughts, and other catastrophic weather occurrences with greater accuracy.

Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

Answer: D
Context: The world’s first white rhinoceros In vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy could offer a way to save the subspecies, with Berlin scientists offering hope of saving the critically endangered northern white rhinoceros subspecies from extinction by using this method.
● White rhinos are the second-largest land mammal, and their name comes from the Afrikaans, a West Germanic language, word “weit” which means wide and refers to the animal’s mouth. Also known as the square-lipped rhinoceros.
● It is listed as Near Threatened in the IUCN-World Conservation Union’s Red List.
● The scientists announced the first-ever rhino pregnancy achieved by transferring a lab-made rhino embryo into a surrogate mother. It took 13 attempts for the breakthrough with a southern white rhino.
● The majority (98.8%) of the southern white rhinos occur in just four countries: South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Kenya.
● The international consortium of scientists, named Bio Rescue, is confident that the success can be replicated with 30 embryos of the northern white stored in liquid nitrogen.

Hence, option (d) is correct.

Answer: D
Context:
Recently, the indefinite strike in many parts of Tripura by Tipra Indigenous Students Federation (TISF) – the student wing of the Tipra Motha party – over the Kokborok exam script controversy has drawn mixed response in Tripura.
Explanation:
Kokborok is one of the ancient languages of North East India. It was formerly known as Tipra Kok. Kokborok was declared as an Official Language of the State of Tripura , India by the State Government in the year 1979. `
Hence, Option (d) is the correct answer.