Day-496
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
2 points1. ‘Heavy rainfall in tropical regions causes leaching of lime and silica from this soil, leaving behind iron oxide and aluminium. Potash and iron oxide are present in abundance while humus, nitrogen, calcium and phosphate are lacking. Such soils are widely used for making bricks and are commonly found in the hilly areas of Assam, Odisha, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh. These soils are ideal for cultivation of cashew nuts.’
Which of the following soil types is described in the above paragraph?Correct
Answer: B
Explanation:
● The laterite soils develop in areas with high temperature and high rainfall. These are the result of intense leaching due to tropical rains.
● With rain, lime and silica are leached away, and soils rich in iron oxide and aluminium compound are left behind.
● Humus content of the soil is removed fast by bacteria that thrives well in high temperatures.
● These soils are poor in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphate and calcium, while iron oxide and potash are in excess. Hence, laterites are not suitable for cultivation; however, application of manures and fertilisers are required for making the soils fertile for cultivation.
● Red laterite soils in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala are more suitable for tree crops like cashew-nut.
● Laterite soils are widely cut as bricks for use in house construction. These soils have mainly developed in the higher areas of the Peninsular plateau.
● The laterite soils are commonly found in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh and the hilly areas of Odisha and Assam.Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation:
● The laterite soils develop in areas with high temperature and high rainfall. These are the result of intense leaching due to tropical rains.
● With rain, lime and silica are leached away, and soils rich in iron oxide and aluminium compound are left behind.
● Humus content of the soil is removed fast by bacteria that thrives well in high temperatures.
● These soils are poor in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphate and calcium, while iron oxide and potash are in excess. Hence, laterites are not suitable for cultivation; however, application of manures and fertilisers are required for making the soils fertile for cultivation.
● Red laterite soils in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala are more suitable for tree crops like cashew-nut.
● Laterite soils are widely cut as bricks for use in house construction. These soils have mainly developed in the higher areas of the Peninsular plateau.
● The laterite soils are commonly found in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh and the hilly areas of Odisha and Assam. -
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
2 points2. Consider the following pairs:
Theories of origin of the Earth – Propounded by
1. Nebular Hypothesis – Immanuel Kant
2. Binary Theories – Laplace
3. Gaseous Hypothesis – James Jeans and Harold Jeffry
4. Planetesimal Hypothesis – Chamberlain
How many pairs given above are incorrectly matched?Correct
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct matches are as follows:
● Nebular Hypothesis: Laplace
● Binary Theories: James Jeans & Harold Jeffry
● Gaseous Hypothesis: Kant
● Planetesimal Hypothesis: Chamberlain
● The Chamberlin–Moulton planetesimal hypothesis is another name for Planetesimal Hypothesis which was proposed by Thomas Chamberlin and Forest Moulton in 1905. According to this hypothesis, the Solar System’s planets were thought to have formed from a collision between the Sun and another star.
● Nebular Hypothesis of Laplace: According to this, the planets were formed out of a cloud of material associated with a youthful sun, which was slowly rotating.
● In 1900, Chamberlain and Moulton considered that a wandering star approached the sun which resulted in the formation of a cigar-shaped extension of material that got separated from the solar surface. This separated material continued to revolve around the sun and slowly got condensed into planets.
● The binary theories considered a companion to be coexisting with the sun.
● In 1950, the Nebular Hypothesis was revised by Otto Schmidt (in Russia) and Carl Weizascar (in Germany). According to them, the sun was surrounded by a solar nebula consisting mainly of hydrogen and helium along with dust. The friction and collision of particles led to the formation of a disk-shaped cloud and planets were formed through the process of accretion.Incorrect
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct matches are as follows:
● Nebular Hypothesis: Laplace
● Binary Theories: James Jeans & Harold Jeffry
● Gaseous Hypothesis: Kant
● Planetesimal Hypothesis: Chamberlain
● The Chamberlin–Moulton planetesimal hypothesis is another name for Planetesimal Hypothesis which was proposed by Thomas Chamberlin and Forest Moulton in 1905. According to this hypothesis, the Solar System’s planets were thought to have formed from a collision between the Sun and another star.
● Nebular Hypothesis of Laplace: According to this, the planets were formed out of a cloud of material associated with a youthful sun, which was slowly rotating.
● In 1900, Chamberlain and Moulton considered that a wandering star approached the sun which resulted in the formation of a cigar-shaped extension of material that got separated from the solar surface. This separated material continued to revolve around the sun and slowly got condensed into planets.
● The binary theories considered a companion to be coexisting with the sun.
● In 1950, the Nebular Hypothesis was revised by Otto Schmidt (in Russia) and Carl Weizascar (in Germany). According to them, the sun was surrounded by a solar nebula consisting mainly of hydrogen and helium along with dust. The friction and collision of particles led to the formation of a disk-shaped cloud and planets were formed through the process of accretion. -
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
2 points3. The terms “zone of ablation” and “zone of accumulation” correspond to which of the following?
Correct
Answer: B
Explanation:
● Ablation is the process of natural removal of ice and snow from the surface of a glacier or snowfield due to evaporation, sublimation etc.
● Matter in the form of snow is received upon the upper surface in the zone of highest elevation where the rate of loss of snow by ablation in summer is, on average, less than the rate at which the snow is received. This region of net gain is called the zone of accumulation.
● In the lower part of the glacier, loss by ablation exceeds the rate at which snow accumulates and the imbalance is greater as we follow the glacier to lower, warmer elevations. This region of net loss is the exit boundary of the system and is known as the zone of ablation.Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation:
● Ablation is the process of natural removal of ice and snow from the surface of a glacier or snowfield due to evaporation, sublimation etc.
● Matter in the form of snow is received upon the upper surface in the zone of highest elevation where the rate of loss of snow by ablation in summer is, on average, less than the rate at which the snow is received. This region of net gain is called the zone of accumulation.
● In the lower part of the glacier, loss by ablation exceeds the rate at which snow accumulates and the imbalance is greater as we follow the glacier to lower, warmer elevations. This region of net loss is the exit boundary of the system and is known as the zone of ablation. -
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
2 points4. Consider the following pairs:
Relief Features – Ocean Associated
1. South Sandwich trench – Atlantic Ocean
2. Kermadec trench – Indian Ocean
3. Diamantina trench – Pacific Ocean
How many pairs given above are incorrectly matched?Correct
Answer: A
Explanation:
● Atlantic Ocean- South Sandwich trench, Puerto Rico trench.
● Pacific Ocean- Kermadec trench, Kuril Kamchatka trench, Mariana trench, Aleutian trench, Cato trough, Cotabato trench, Farallon trench, Hikurangi trench, Izu-Ogasawara trench.
● Indian Ocean- Diamantina trench, Sunda trench, Java trench.
● Ocean trenches are deep depressions in parts of the ocean that are generally parallel to the bordering fold mountains. They are formed at the subduction zone due to convergence of ocean-ocean or ocean-continental plates.Incorrect
Answer: A
Explanation:
● Atlantic Ocean- South Sandwich trench, Puerto Rico trench.
● Pacific Ocean- Kermadec trench, Kuril Kamchatka trench, Mariana trench, Aleutian trench, Cato trough, Cotabato trench, Farallon trench, Hikurangi trench, Izu-Ogasawara trench.
● Indian Ocean- Diamantina trench, Sunda trench, Java trench.
● Ocean trenches are deep depressions in parts of the ocean that are generally parallel to the bordering fold mountains. They are formed at the subduction zone due to convergence of ocean-ocean or ocean-continental plates. -
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
2 points5. With reference to the sugar industry of India, consider the following statements:
1. India is the largest producer of cane sugar in the world.
2. Molasses is used for the production of insulation boards.
3. Ethanol can be derived from press mud.
How many of the statements given above are not correct?Correct
Answer: B
Explanation:
● The sugar industry is the second most important agro-based industry in the country. India is the largest producer of cane sugar. Besides, khandasari and gur or jaggery are also prepared from sugarcane.
● Development of the industry on modern lines dates back to 1903, when a sugar mill was started in Bihar. Subsequently, sugar mills were started in other parts of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.
● By-products of sugar industry and their uses:
⮚ Molasses – alcohol(ethanol)
⮚ Bagasse – paper, insulation board
⮚ Press mud – wax, carbon paper
● India has emerged as the world’s largest consumer of sugar as well as the world’s 2nd largest exporter of sugar. Ethanol production capacity of molasses/sugar-based distilleries has increased to 605 crore litres per annum and the progress is still continuing to meet targets of 20% blending by 2025 under Ethanol Blending with Petrol (EBP) Programme.Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation:
● The sugar industry is the second most important agro-based industry in the country. India is the largest producer of cane sugar. Besides, khandasari and gur or jaggery are also prepared from sugarcane.
● Development of the industry on modern lines dates back to 1903, when a sugar mill was started in Bihar. Subsequently, sugar mills were started in other parts of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.
● By-products of sugar industry and their uses:
⮚ Molasses – alcohol(ethanol)
⮚ Bagasse – paper, insulation board
⮚ Press mud – wax, carbon paper
● India has emerged as the world’s largest consumer of sugar as well as the world’s 2nd largest exporter of sugar. Ethanol production capacity of molasses/sugar-based distilleries has increased to 605 crore litres per annum and the progress is still continuing to meet targets of 20% blending by 2025 under Ethanol Blending with Petrol (EBP) Programme.
