• Section-A
• Q1. Answer the following in about 150 words each: 10*5
• (a) “Governance is about managing self-organizing networks.” Elaborate
• (b) “Two dimensional taxonomy was used by Herbert Simon to describe the degree to which decisions are programmed or non-programmed.” Explain.
• (c) Examine the approach of public service motivation as an inducement to bring the desired level of efficiency in public service delivery.
• (d) In theory, the ‘civil society organizations’ promote cooperation between people and public service organizations, but in practice, their activities restrict the promotion of government programmes. Analyze.
• (e) Fayol and Taylor had different management perspectives, while having similar goal of organizational efficiency. Comment.
• Q2. (a) Behavioral approach has been questioned on the basis of its utility in the analysis of administrative problems. Discuss the weaknesses of the approach and the shifts made therein. 20
• (b) Public Administration has been viewed as a socially embedded process of collective relationship, dialogue and action. Examine the statement in light of the consensus achieved in the Third Minnowbrook Conference. 15
• (c) Public-private Partnership phenomenon has been transformed into a type of governance scheme or mechanism. Discuss its capacity to overcome future challenges. 15
• Q3. (a) Integration of different streams of administrative thought to propound a universal administration theory is hindered by the impact of culture. Critically examine. 20
• (b) Judicial review, prevention of misuse or abuse of administrative power and provision of suitable remedies are the basic principles of administrative law. Justify as how various organs of the State are able to uphold these principles. 15
• (c) Regulation is an old but increasingly necessary mode of social coordination and political intervention into societal processes. Examine it in the context of globalization. 15
• Q4. (a) The new public service model approaches governance on the premises of an active and involved citizenship, wherein the role of public officials is to facilitate opportunities for citizens’ engagement in governance. Explain. 20
• (b) Neo-Weberian State involves changing the model of operation of administrative structures into a model focused on meeting citizens’ needs. Discuss. 15
• (c) Nothing in public administration is more important, interesting or mysterious than leadership. Analyze the statement in the context of strategic leadership. 15
• Section-B
• Q 5. Answer the following in 150 words each: 10*5 = 50
• (a) The approach to the study of administration in its environmental context is especially more useful for developing countries. Comment.
• (b) Gender equality and women’s rights have laid down a strong foundation of development. Elaborate.
• (c) Performance appraisal needs to be seen beyond the mere suitability of the official for vertical promotion. Explain.
• (d) It is widely agreed that the government ought to provide the goods that market fails to provide or does not provide efficiently. Argue.
• (e) MIS has evolved and gone far beyond its traditional advantages due to technological advancements. Comment.
• Q.6. (a) Emphasis on cost control and reducing public expenditure has diverted the focus of government budgets from the basic objectives of reallocation of resources, bringing economic stability and promoting social equity. Examine. 20
• (b) In modern context, Riggsian terms have not altogether disappeared, but have emerged in different forms with newer meanings. Discuss. 15
• (c) A striking feature of economic development is an apparent symbiotic evolution of strong States and strong market economies. Analyze. 15
• Q.7. (a) Policy problems are increasingly tending towards being wicked. Discuss the capacity and preparedness of the State to tackle such problems. 20
• (b) Zero- based budgeting was intended to get away from incrementalism, but ended up being the most incremental of any budgetary approach. Discuss. 15
• (c) ICT has immense potential to transform governance and empower citizens. Examine. 15
• Q.8. (a) The successful attainment of SDGs objectives largely depends upon the wisdom, experience and farsightedness of the actors involved and their willingness to cooperate in the implementation process. Analyze. 20
• (b) Groups work to elevate issues on the policy agenda or seek to deny other groups to place issues. In this background, discuss the role of interest groups in agenda setting in the developing countries. 15
• (c) Civil servants generally tend to exhibit the values and ethical framework of the political executives under whom they function. Explain. 15

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• Q.1. Evaluate the nature of the Bhakti Literature and Its contribution to Indian culture.
  (Answer in 150 words) 10
• Q.2. Trace the rise and growth of Socio- religious reform movements with special reference to Young Bengal and Brahmo Samaj. (Answer in 150 words) 10
• Q.3. Assess the main administrative issues and socio- cultural problems in the integration process of Indian Princely States. (Answer in 150 words) 10
• Q.4. Differentiate the causes of landslides in the Himalayan region and Western Ghats.
  (Answer in 150 words) 10
• Q.5. Despite India being one of the countries of the Gondwanaland, its mining industry contributes much less to its Gross Domestic Products in percentage. Discuss. (Answer in 150 words) 10
• Q.6. What are the environmental implications of the reclamation of water bodies into urban land use? Explain with examples. (Answer in 150 words) 10
• Q.7. Mention the global occurrence of volcanic eruptions in 2021 and their impact on regional environment. (Answer in 150 words) 10
• Q.8. Why is India considered as a subcontinent? Elaborate your answer. (Answer in 150 words) 10
• Q.9. Examine the uniqueness of tribal knowledge system when compared with mainstream knowledge and cultural systems. (Answer in 150 words) 10
• Q.10. Examine the role of ‘Gig Economy’ in the process of empowerment of women in India.
  (Answer in 150 words) 10
• Q.11.To what extent did the role of the Moderates prepare a base for the wider freedom movement? Comment. (Answer in 250 words) 15
• Q.12. Bring out the constructive programmes of Mahatma Gandhi during Non- Cooperation Movement and Civil Disobedience Movement. (Answer in 250 words) 15
• Q.13. “There arose a serious challenge to the Democratic State System between the two World Wars”. Evaluate the statement. (Answer in 250 words) 15
• Q.14. Briefly mention the alignment of major mountain ranges of the world and explain their impact on local weather conditions, with examples.(Answer in 250 words) 15
• Q.15.How do the melting of the Artic ice and glaciers of the Antarctic differently affect the weather patterns and human activities on the Earth? Explain. (Answer in 250 words) 15
• Q.16. Discuss the multi-dimensional implications of uneven distribution of mineral oil in the world.
  (Answer in 250 words) 15
• Q.17. What are the main socio-economic implications arising out of the development of IT industries in major cities of India? (Answer in 250 words) 15
• Q.18. Discuss the main objectives of population education and point out the measures to achieve them in India in detail. (Answer in 250 words) 15
• Q.19. What is Cryptocurrency? How does it affect global society? Has it been affecting Indian society also? (Answer in 250 words) 15
• Q.20. How does Indian society maintain continuity in traditional social values? Enumerate the changes taking place in it. (Answer in 250 words) 15

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