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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
1. Consider the following statements about the ‘Namdapha flying squirrel’, recently seen in the news:
1. It is an arboreal, nocturnal flying squirrel endemic to Arunachal Pradesh.
2. It is a critically endangered species according to the IUCN Red Data Book.
3. It is capable of flying like birds or bats.
How many of the statements given above are correct?Correct
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Namdapha flying squirrel (Biswamyopterus biswasi) has been recently sighted again in Arunachal Pradesh after going missing for 42 years. The Namdapha flying squirrel was last described in 1981 in the Namdapha Tiger Reserve in Changlang district of Arunachal Pradesh.
Statement 1 is correct: It is a rare nocturnal flying squirrel species found in the Namdapha Tiger Reserve in Arunachal Pradesh, India.
Statement 2 is correct: It’s a critically endangered species according to the IUCN Red Data Book.
● Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act, 2022: Schedule I
● These are animals of the rodent family which have the ability of gliding.
● There are 44 biological species across the world, of which 12 species are found in India.
● These are animals of the rodent family which have the ability of gliding.
Statement 3 is incorrect: These are not capable of true flight like bats or birds, but they do engage in an impressive flight-like gliding. Flying squirrels launch themselves off tree branches and float through the air using a special membrane that extends from their front legs to their back legs.Additional Information:
Namdapha Tiger Reserve
● It was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1972,
● Namdapha Tiger Reserve was declared the country’s 15th project tiger reserve in 1983. Then in 1983 it was declared a national park and in the same year it became a tiger reserve under the Project Tiger scheme.
● Namdapha is the name of a river which is located in Arunachal Pradesh.
● The park is situated between the Dafa Bum Range and the Patkai Range of the Mishmi Hills. Which originates from Dafabam (Dafa is the name of the hill, Bam means hill top) and meets the Noa-Dehing river. This river flows in the exact north-south direction of the national park and hence it is named Namdapha.Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Namdapha flying squirrel (Biswamyopterus biswasi) has been recently sighted again in Arunachal Pradesh after going missing for 42 years. The Namdapha flying squirrel was last described in 1981 in the Namdapha Tiger Reserve in Changlang district of Arunachal Pradesh.
Statement 1 is correct: It is a rare nocturnal flying squirrel species found in the Namdapha Tiger Reserve in Arunachal Pradesh, India.
Statement 2 is correct: It’s a critically endangered species according to the IUCN Red Data Book.
● Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act, 2022: Schedule I
● These are animals of the rodent family which have the ability of gliding.
● There are 44 biological species across the world, of which 12 species are found in India.
● These are animals of the rodent family which have the ability of gliding.
Statement 3 is incorrect: These are not capable of true flight like bats or birds, but they do engage in an impressive flight-like gliding. Flying squirrels launch themselves off tree branches and float through the air using a special membrane that extends from their front legs to their back legs.Additional Information:
Namdapha Tiger Reserve
● It was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1972,
● Namdapha Tiger Reserve was declared the country’s 15th project tiger reserve in 1983. Then in 1983 it was declared a national park and in the same year it became a tiger reserve under the Project Tiger scheme.
● Namdapha is the name of a river which is located in Arunachal Pradesh.
● The park is situated between the Dafa Bum Range and the Patkai Range of the Mishmi Hills. Which originates from Dafabam (Dafa is the name of the hill, Bam means hill top) and meets the Noa-Dehing river. This river flows in the exact north-south direction of the national park and hence it is named Namdapha. -
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
2. A ‘near threatened’ species of otter was recently spotted in India in a rare find. Consider the following statements about otters:
1. Otters are indicators of high-quality grassland habitats.
2. Otters are found only in the continent of Antarctica and Australia.
3. Otters belong to the family of carnivorous mammals.
How many of the statements given above are correct?Correct
Answer: A
Explanation:
Eurasian otters were recently discovered for the first time from Kerala.
Statement 1 is incorrect: It can be both marine and freshwater: streams, rivers, lakes, ponds and marshes. They prefer unpolluted water with a minimal human disturbance. An extremely adaptable animal, otters tolerate hot and cold climates, as well as high elevations and lowland coastal waters.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Otters are found on every continent except Australia and Antarctica. The Eurasian otter is the most widely distributed otter species, found throughout Europe, North Africa, and Asia to Japan and Indonesia.
Statement 3 is correct: Otters are carnivorous mammals in the subfamily Lutrinae. The 13 extant otter species are all semiaquatic, aquatic, or marine, with diets based on fish and invertebrates. Lutrinae is a branch of the Mustelidae family, which also includes weasels, badgers, mink, and wolverines, among other animals.
Incorrect
Answer: A
Explanation:
Eurasian otters were recently discovered for the first time from Kerala.
Statement 1 is incorrect: It can be both marine and freshwater: streams, rivers, lakes, ponds and marshes. They prefer unpolluted water with a minimal human disturbance. An extremely adaptable animal, otters tolerate hot and cold climates, as well as high elevations and lowland coastal waters.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Otters are found on every continent except Australia and Antarctica. The Eurasian otter is the most widely distributed otter species, found throughout Europe, North Africa, and Asia to Japan and Indonesia.
Statement 3 is correct: Otters are carnivorous mammals in the subfamily Lutrinae. The 13 extant otter species are all semiaquatic, aquatic, or marine, with diets based on fish and invertebrates. Lutrinae is a branch of the Mustelidae family, which also includes weasels, badgers, mink, and wolverines, among other animals.
-
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
3. “Karrar Combat Drones (KCD)” recently seen in the news, have been developed by:
Correct
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Iranian Army office on December 10, 2023, shows Iranian army officials inspecting Iranian homemade Karrar drones displayed during an inauguration ceremony in Tehran.
• The Karrar Combat Drone (KCD) is an Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV) developed by Iran. The HESA Karrar is a jet-powered target drone manufactured by Iran Aircraft Manufacturing Industrial Company (HESA) since 2010. It has a maximum speed granted by its turbojet installation of 360 miles per hour.
Significance:
• Long-range: Capable of flying up to 1,000 kilometers (621 miles).
• High-altitude: Can reach an altitude of 49,000 feet.
• Supersonic speed: Able to fly at Mach 0.8.
• Air-to-air combat: Equipped with air-to-air missiles, such as the Shahab-e-Saqeb and Majid, for engaging enemy aircraft.
• Electronic warfare: Can carry electronic countermeasures to disrupt enemy radars and communications.
Hence, Option (b) is the correct answer.Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Iranian Army office on December 10, 2023, shows Iranian army officials inspecting Iranian homemade Karrar drones displayed during an inauguration ceremony in Tehran.
• The Karrar Combat Drone (KCD) is an Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV) developed by Iran. The HESA Karrar is a jet-powered target drone manufactured by Iran Aircraft Manufacturing Industrial Company (HESA) since 2010. It has a maximum speed granted by its turbojet installation of 360 miles per hour.
Significance:
• Long-range: Capable of flying up to 1,000 kilometers (621 miles).
• High-altitude: Can reach an altitude of 49,000 feet.
• Supersonic speed: Able to fly at Mach 0.8.
• Air-to-air combat: Equipped with air-to-air missiles, such as the Shahab-e-Saqeb and Majid, for engaging enemy aircraft.
• Electronic warfare: Can carry electronic countermeasures to disrupt enemy radars and communications.
Hence, Option (b) is the correct answer. -
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
4. Consider the following statements with reference to the ‘Green Rising Initiative’:
1. It is a joint initiative of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change.
2. It focuses on engaging youth for impactful environmental actions at the grassroots level.
Which of the statement/s given above is/are correct?Correct
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Tamil Nadu government recently signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), to develop an urban cooling programme in the State. The programme is being undertaken under the framework of the ‘Cool Coalition’ and the India-Denmark Green Strategic Partnership.
Statement 1 is incorrect: It is a joint initiative of the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEFCC).
Statement 2 is correct: Its work focuses on engaging youth for impactful environmental action at the grassroots level.
The main goal is to unite millions of youths around the world,
To encourage their active participation in green initiatives
and adapt to the severe impacts of climate change on their communities.
Additional Information
UNICEF
• It was established on 11 December 1946, and headquartered in New York, United States.
• President: Catherine M. Russell
• UNICEF, in full originally called the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund, now officially United Nations Children’s Fund
• It is an agency of the United Nations responsible for providing humanitarian and developmental aid to children worldwide.Incorrect
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Tamil Nadu government recently signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), to develop an urban cooling programme in the State. The programme is being undertaken under the framework of the ‘Cool Coalition’ and the India-Denmark Green Strategic Partnership.
Statement 1 is incorrect: It is a joint initiative of the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEFCC).
Statement 2 is correct: Its work focuses on engaging youth for impactful environmental action at the grassroots level.
The main goal is to unite millions of youths around the world,
To encourage their active participation in green initiatives
and adapt to the severe impacts of climate change on their communities.
Additional Information
UNICEF
• It was established on 11 December 1946, and headquartered in New York, United States.
• President: Catherine M. Russell
• UNICEF, in full originally called the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund, now officially United Nations Children’s Fund
• It is an agency of the United Nations responsible for providing humanitarian and developmental aid to children worldwide. -
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
5. Consider the following liquids:
1. Nicotine
2. Propylene
3. Glycerol
4. Aldehyde
5. Phenolic
How many of the above mentioned liquids are used inside an E-cigarette?Correct
Answer: D
Context: Recently, E-cigarettes as consumer products are not shown to be effective for quitting tobacco use at the population level. Instead, alarming evidence has emerged on adverse population health effects according to the World Health Organisation(WHO).
Explanation:
● Liquid for use inside an e-cigarette is called e-liquid also known as e-juice or vape juice. E-liquids contain nicotine, propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin or glycerol, Aldehyde,metals, volatile oxide substances (VEOs), Phenolic and other chemicals (including those used to create flavours) and, in some cases, water.
Hence, Option (d) is the correct answer.
Additional information
● E-cigarettes are the most common form of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS), which are basically devices that do not burn or use tobacco leaves.
● Instead, they vaporise a solution using a battery and this vapour is then inhaled by the user.
What is the status of E-Cigarette use in India?
● In 2019, the central government informed Parliament that e-cigarettes worth USD 1,91,781 were imported in India between 2016-16 and 2018-19, mostly from China, US, Hong Kong and Germany.
● Besides this, it estimates that between 2017 and 2018, e-cigarette use saw an increase of 78% among high school students and 48% among middle school students.
● The government of India through the Prohibition of Electronic Cigarettes (production, manufacture, import, export, transport, sale, distribution, storage and advertisement) Ordinance 2019 banned e-Cigarettes in India.
● Any production, manufacturing, import, etc., shall be a cognisable offence in India, punishable with an imprisonment of up to 1 year/fine up to Rs 1 lakh/both for the first offence.
● India, where 65% of the population is under 35 years of age, is one of the few countries that has completely banned the sale of e-cigarettes.Incorrect
Answer: D
Context: Recently, E-cigarettes as consumer products are not shown to be effective for quitting tobacco use at the population level. Instead, alarming evidence has emerged on adverse population health effects according to the World Health Organisation(WHO).
Explanation:
● Liquid for use inside an e-cigarette is called e-liquid also known as e-juice or vape juice. E-liquids contain nicotine, propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin or glycerol, Aldehyde,metals, volatile oxide substances (VEOs), Phenolic and other chemicals (including those used to create flavours) and, in some cases, water.
Hence, Option (d) is the correct answer.
Additional information
● E-cigarettes are the most common form of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS), which are basically devices that do not burn or use tobacco leaves.
● Instead, they vaporise a solution using a battery and this vapour is then inhaled by the user.
What is the status of E-Cigarette use in India?
● In 2019, the central government informed Parliament that e-cigarettes worth USD 1,91,781 were imported in India between 2016-16 and 2018-19, mostly from China, US, Hong Kong and Germany.
● Besides this, it estimates that between 2017 and 2018, e-cigarette use saw an increase of 78% among high school students and 48% among middle school students.
● The government of India through the Prohibition of Electronic Cigarettes (production, manufacture, import, export, transport, sale, distribution, storage and advertisement) Ordinance 2019 banned e-Cigarettes in India.
● Any production, manufacturing, import, etc., shall be a cognisable offence in India, punishable with an imprisonment of up to 1 year/fine up to Rs 1 lakh/both for the first offence.
● India, where 65% of the population is under 35 years of age, is one of the few countries that has completely banned the sale of e-cigarettes.
