TAG: GS 3: ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
THE CONTEXT: Bengaluru, a city known for its burgeoning population and rapid urbanization, grapples with a persistent water crisis exacerbated by deficit rains and depleting groundwater levels. However, amidst this dire situation, the Bannerghatta Biological Park (BBP) emerges as a beacon of resilience, with its innovative water management strategies ensuring uninterrupted water supply for its diverse flora and fauna.
EXPLANATION:
Unaffected by City’s Water Woes
- Situated on the outskirts of Bengaluru, BBP remains largely unaffected by the city’s water scarcity woes.
- Despite facing seasonal shortages during the summer months, BBP leverages its internal water resources to mitigate the impact of the crisis.
Utilization of Internal Water Sources
- BBP boasts eight lakes within its premises, serving as invaluable reservoirs during times of water scarcity.
- To address seasonal shortages, the park employs tankers to distribute water sourced from these lakes across various areas within the park.
- Furthermore, the utilization of borewells ensures a supplementary water supply, bolstering BBP’s self-sufficiency in water management.
Sustainable Water Conservation Measures
- In alignment with its commitment to sustainability, BBP implements water conservation initiatives to optimize resource utilization.
- Through the adoption of water recycling techniques, the park minimizes wastage and maximizes efficiency.
- Specific areas, such as the hippopotamus enclosure and aviary, benefit from recycled water, showcasing BBP’s dedication to responsible water stewardship.
Future Preparedness and Collaboration
- Looking ahead, BBP remains proactive in its approach to water management, seeking collaboration with external agencies to enhance its water supply infrastructure.
- The park’s initiative to secure a dedicated supply line for potable Cauvery water, in partnership with the Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board (BWSSB), underscores its commitment to ensuring long-term sustainability and resilience.
Bannerghatta Biological Park (BBP):
- In 2004, BBBP was carved out of the Bannerghatta National Park (BNP) and brought under the Zoo Authority of Karnataka (ZAK).
- BNP which was declared a national park in 1974.
- BBBP has four divisions: the zoo, the safari, the butterfly park and the rescue centre.
- It is one of the few places in the world where wilderness is preserved so close to a big city.
- The valley of Champakadhama hills is inside the park.
- Vegetation: There are three types of vegetation that can be found: Dry Deciduous Scrub Forests, Southern Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests and Southern Tropical Moist Mixed Forests.
- Flora: Include Narcissus latifolia, Schleichera oleosa, Sandalwood, Neem, Tamarind, Bamboo, Eucalyptus etc.
- Fauna: Prime habitat for several species, including the endangered Asian Elephant, Indian gaur, Tiger, Sambar deer, Spotted deer, Leopard, Wild dog, Wild pig, Sloth bear, Common mongoose, Pangolin, Slender loris, Black-naped hare, etc.