Day-497
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
2 points1. Short-lived pollutants are responsible for up to 45% of current global warming. In this context, consider the following pollutants:
1. Ground level ozone
2. Methane
3. Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)
4. Black carbon
How many of the above are short-lived climate pollutants?Correct
Answer: D
Explanation:
● Short-lived climate pollutants are powerful climate forcers that remain in the atmosphere for a much shorter period of time than carbon dioxide (CO2), yet their potential to warm the atmosphere can be many times greater. Certain short-lived climate pollutants are also dangerous air pollutants that have harmful effects for people, ecosystems and agricultural productivity.
● The short-lived climate pollutants such as black carbon, methane, tropospheric ozone, and hydrofluorocarbons are the most important contributors to the man-made global greenhouse effect after carbon dioxide, responsible for up to 45% of current global warming.
● According to the United Nations Environment (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), acting on black carbon and methane in key sectors could reduce projected global warming by 0.5°C by 2050. Additionally, fast action under the Montreal Protocol can limit the growth of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and avoid up to 0.5°C of warming by 2100.Incorrect
Answer: D
Explanation:
● Short-lived climate pollutants are powerful climate forcers that remain in the atmosphere for a much shorter period of time than carbon dioxide (CO2), yet their potential to warm the atmosphere can be many times greater. Certain short-lived climate pollutants are also dangerous air pollutants that have harmful effects for people, ecosystems and agricultural productivity.
● The short-lived climate pollutants such as black carbon, methane, tropospheric ozone, and hydrofluorocarbons are the most important contributors to the man-made global greenhouse effect after carbon dioxide, responsible for up to 45% of current global warming.
● According to the United Nations Environment (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), acting on black carbon and methane in key sectors could reduce projected global warming by 0.5°C by 2050. Additionally, fast action under the Montreal Protocol can limit the growth of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and avoid up to 0.5°C of warming by 2100. -
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
2 points2. Which among the following is not an ex-situ method of biodiversity conservation?
Correct
Answer: D
Explanation:
● Ex-situ conservation involves maintenance and breeding of endangered plants and animals under partially or wholly controlled conditions in specific areas including zoos, gardens, nurseries, etc. That is, the conservation of selected plants and animals in selected areas outside their natural habitat is known as ex-situ conservation. The ex-situ conservation strategies include Botanical Gardens, Zoological Gardens, Conservation Stands and Gene, Pollen, Seed, Seedling, Tissue Culture and DNA banks, Cryopreservation, Aquariums etc.
● In-situ conservation is the on-site conservation or the conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plant or animal species. Such methods include Biosphere Reserves, National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Sacred Groves.Incorrect
Answer: D
Explanation:
● Ex-situ conservation involves maintenance and breeding of endangered plants and animals under partially or wholly controlled conditions in specific areas including zoos, gardens, nurseries, etc. That is, the conservation of selected plants and animals in selected areas outside their natural habitat is known as ex-situ conservation. The ex-situ conservation strategies include Botanical Gardens, Zoological Gardens, Conservation Stands and Gene, Pollen, Seed, Seedling, Tissue Culture and DNA banks, Cryopreservation, Aquariums etc.
● In-situ conservation is the on-site conservation or the conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plant or animal species. Such methods include Biosphere Reserves, National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Sacred Groves. -
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
2 points3. SIGHT programme, recently seen in the news, can be best understood in the context of-
Correct
Answer: D
Explanation:
● On 4th January 2023, the Union Cabinet approved the National Green Hydrogen Mission with an outlay of ₹ 19,744 crore. The Mission targets a production capacity of 5 million Metric Tonnes (MMT) per annum by 2030.
● The Mission will facilitate demand creation, production, utilization and export of Green Hydrogen. Under the Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen Transition Programme (SIGHT), two distinct financial incentive mechanisms – targeting domestic manufacturing of electrolysers and production of Green Hydrogen – will be provided under the Mission. The Mission will also support pilot projects in emerging end-use sectors and production pathways. Regions capable of supporting large scale production and/or utilization of Hydrogen will be identified and developed as Green Hydrogen Hubs.
● The nodal ministry for NMGH is the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy.Incorrect
Answer: D
Explanation:
● On 4th January 2023, the Union Cabinet approved the National Green Hydrogen Mission with an outlay of ₹ 19,744 crore. The Mission targets a production capacity of 5 million Metric Tonnes (MMT) per annum by 2030.
● The Mission will facilitate demand creation, production, utilization and export of Green Hydrogen. Under the Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen Transition Programme (SIGHT), two distinct financial incentive mechanisms – targeting domestic manufacturing of electrolysers and production of Green Hydrogen – will be provided under the Mission. The Mission will also support pilot projects in emerging end-use sectors and production pathways. Regions capable of supporting large scale production and/or utilization of Hydrogen will be identified and developed as Green Hydrogen Hubs.
● The nodal ministry for NMGH is the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy. -
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
2 points4. The term “Biomagnification” can be best understood as-
Correct
Answer: C
Explanation:
● While bioaccumulation refers to the gradual accumulation of pollutants, chemicals or other substances in an organism from multiple sources (air, water, soil etc.), biomagnification goes a step further to include progressive accumulation (rise in concentration) at each trophic level with the passage of time.
● Non-degradable pollutants (PoPs) which detritivores cannot break down, not only move through various trophic levels but also remain in that trophic level for a very long duration.Incorrect
Answer: C
Explanation:
● While bioaccumulation refers to the gradual accumulation of pollutants, chemicals or other substances in an organism from multiple sources (air, water, soil etc.), biomagnification goes a step further to include progressive accumulation (rise in concentration) at each trophic level with the passage of time.
● Non-degradable pollutants (PoPs) which detritivores cannot break down, not only move through various trophic levels but also remain in that trophic level for a very long duration. -
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
2 points5. Contaminated water leads to various diseases. Consider the following pairs about them:
Diseases – Causative pollutants
1. Blackfoot disease – nitrate
2. Blue Baby Syndrome – arsenic
3. Itai-itai – cadmium
How many pairs given above are correct?Correct
Answer: A
Explanation:
Pollutants – Disease caused
Arsenic – Blackfoot disease
Excessive nitrates in water – Methemoglobinemia (blood disorder in which tissues cannot carry adequate oxygen). It is also called Blue Baby Syndrome.
Asbestos – Asbestosis (chronic lung disease)
Uranium – Chronic kidney damage, deformity of bones and liver
Cadmium – Itai itai (severe pain in joints and spine)Incorrect
Answer: A
Explanation:
Pollutants – Disease caused
Arsenic – Blackfoot disease
Excessive nitrates in water – Methemoglobinemia (blood disorder in which tissues cannot carry adequate oxygen). It is also called Blue Baby Syndrome.
Asbestos – Asbestosis (chronic lung disease)
Uranium – Chronic kidney damage, deformity of bones and liver
Cadmium – Itai itai (severe pain in joints and spine)
