Day-3 | Daily MCQs | UPSC Prelims | Science and Technology

Explanation:

Righ to be forgotten refers to the ability of individuals to limit, delete, or correct the disclosure of personal information on the internet that is misleading, embarrassing, irrelevant, or outdated. Europe’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) include the “right to be forgotten.”

In blockchain technology history of every transaction always stays irrespective of users wish. So, blockchain contradicts the principle of right to be forgotten. So, statement 1 is incorrect.
The Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines & Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules 2021 does not include the “right to be forgotten” explicitely. So, statement 2 is incorrect.
Hence, option D is correct.

Explanation:
International Space Station (ISS) is located in the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) that normally has an altitude of less than 1000 km from the surface of the Earth. So, statement 1 is incorrect.
Geostationary orbits of 36,000km from the Earth’s equator are best known for the many satellites used for various forms of telecommunication, including television. Signals from these satellites can be sent all the way round the world. Telecommunication needs to “see” their satellite all time and hence it must remain stationary in the same positions relative to the Earth’s surface. So, statement 2 is correct.
Polar orbits: Satellites in polar orbits usually travel past Earth from north to south rather than from west to east, passing roughly over Earth’s poles. Polar orbits are a type of low Earth orbit, as they are at low altitudes between 200 to 1000 km. So, statement 3 is incorrect.
Hence, option B is correct.

Explanation:

Remote sensing is the process of detecting and monitoring the physical characteristics of an area/object by measuring its reflected and emitted radiation at a distance.

• Sound Navigation Ranging (SONAR): It is a method of remote sensing that uses echoes of sound waves to learn the landscape.
• Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR): It is a remote sensing technology that uses optical measurements of scattered light to find distance.
• Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR): It is a detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle or velocity of objects.
• Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI): It is a technique that analyzes a wide spectrum of light. The light striking each pixel is broken down into many different spectral bands in order to provide more information.

Hence, option D is correct.

Explanation:

NITI Aayog has recently released a white paper: Vision 2035: Public Health Surveillance in India with the vision:

• To make India’s public health surveillance system more responsive and predictive to enhance preparedness for action at all levels.
• Citizen-friendly public health surveillance system will ensure individual privacy and confidentiality, enabled with a client feedback mechanism.
• Improved data-sharing mechanism between Centre and states for better disease detection, prevention, and control.
• India aims to provide regional and global leadership in managing events that constitute a public health emergency of international concern.

Hence, option B is correct.

References –

https://niti.gov.in/node/1395

https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1680519

Explanation:

A non–communicable disease (NCD) is a disease that is not transmissible directly from one person to another. The following programs are associted with Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) –

• National Programme for the Prevention & Control of Deafness (NPPCD)
• National Tobacco Control Programme (NTCP)
• National Programe For Control of Blindness & Visual Impairment (NPCBVI)
• National Mental Health Programme (NMHP)
• National Programme for healthcare of Elderly (NPHCE)
• National Oral Health Programme (NOHP)
• National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme

Hence, option C is correct.