PRADHANMANTRI KRISHI SINCHAYEE YOJANA (PMKSY)

CONTEXT: The major objective of PMKSY is to achieve convergence of investments in irrigation at the field level, expand cultivable area under assured irrigation, improve on-farm water use efficiency to reduce wastage of water, enhance the adoption of precision-irrigation and other water saving technologies, enhance recharge of aquifers and introduce sustainable water conservation practices by exploring the feasibility of reusing treated municipal waste water for peri-urban agriculture and attract greater private investment in precision irrigation system.

MAJOR COMPONENTS:

ACCELERATED IRRIGATION BENEFIT PROGRAMME (AIBP)
    • Central Government launched the Accelerated Irrigation Benefits Programme (AIBP) in the year 1996-97 to provide Central Assistance to major/medium irrigation projects in the country, with the objective to accelerate implementation of such projects which were beyond resource capability of the States or were in advanced stage of completion.
    • After launch of PMKSY in 2015-16, AIBP became a part of PMKSY.
HAR KHET KO PANI
    • Creation of new water sources through Minor Irrigation (both surface and ground water)
    • Repair, restoration and renovation of water bodies; strengthening carrying capacity of traditional water sources, construction rain water harvesting structures (Jal Sanchay);
    • Creation and rejuvenation of traditional water storage systems like Jal Mandir (Gujarat); Khatri, Kuhl (H.P.); Zabo (Nagaland); Eri, Ooranis (T.N.); Dongs (Assam); Katas, Bandhas (Odisha and M.P.) etc. at feasible locations.
    • Command area development, strengthening and creation of distribution network from source to the farm;
    • Improvement in water management and distribution system for water bodies to take advantage of the available source which is not tapped to its fullest capacity.
WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT
    • Department of Land Resources had been implementing a Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) ‘Integrated Watershed Management Programme’ (IWMP) since 2009-10 for development of rainfed and degraded areas.  In 2015-16, IWMP was amalgamated as the Watershed Development Component of the umbrella scheme of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana.
    • The activities undertaken, inter alia, include ridge area treatment, drainage line treatment, soil and moisture conservation, rainwater harvesting, nursery raising, afforestation, horticulture, pasture development, livelihoods for asset-less persons, etc.
    • Watershed development programmes have proved to be the most suitable solution to the problems of land degradation, soil erosion, water scarcity, climatic uncertainties etc.
PER DROP MORE CROP
    • Promoting efficient water conveyance and precision water application devices like drips, sprinklers, pivots, rain-guns in the farm (Jal Sinchan).
    • Extension activities for promotion of scientific moisture conservation and agronomic measures including cropping alignment to maximise use of available water including rainfall and atio irrigation requirement (Jal Sarankchan).
    • Capacity building, training for encouraging potential use water source through technological, agronomic and management practices including community irrigation.
    • Awareness campaign on water saving technologies, practices, programmes etc., perationali of workshops, conferences, publication of booklets, pamphlets, success stories, documentary, advertisements etc.

SALIENT FEATURES:

    • It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme.
    • Aim: to enhance on farm access of water improving water use efficiency and expand area under irrigation.
    • Dedicated Funds: Long term Irrigation Fund (LTIF) and Micro Irrigation Fund (MIF)
    • Provision of water budgeting to be done for all sectors- households, agriculture, industries.
    • District Irrigation Plans (DIPs): They are the cornerstone for planning and implementation of PMKSY. DIPs will identify the gaps in irrigation infrastructure after taking into consideration the District Agriculture Plans (DAPs).
      • DIPs will present holistic irrigation development perspective of the district outlining medium to long term development plans integrating three components viz. water sources, distribution network and water use applications incorporating all usage of water like drinking & domestic use, irrigation and industry. Preparation of DIP will be taken up as joint exercise of all participating departments.
    • State Level Sanctioning Committee (SLSC) chaired by the Chief Secretary of the respective States is authorized to sanction projects, oversee its implementation and monitoring.
    • National Executive Committee (NEC) under the Chairmanship of Vice Chairman, NITI Aayog will oversee programme implementation, allocation of resources, inter-ministerial coordination, monitoring & performance assessment, addressing administrative issues.
    • At National level, programme is to be supervised and monitored by an Inter-Ministerial National Steering Committee (NSC) under the Chairmanship of the Prime Minister with Union Ministers concerned Ministries as members.
    • In 2020, the Ministry of Jal Shakti launched a mobile application for Geo-Taggingof the components of projects under PMKSY.

OBJECTIVES:

    • Achieve convergence of investments in irrigation at the field level (preparation of district-level and if required, subdistrict-level water use plans).
    • Enhance physical access of water on the farm and expand cultivable area under assured irrigation (Har Khet ko Pani).
    • Integrate water source, distribution and its efficient use to make the best use of water through appropriate technologies and practices.
    • Optimise farm water use (and reduce wastage) and increase availability (duration and extent).
    • Enhance adoption of precision irrigation and other water-saving technologies (Per Drop More Crop).
    • Enhance recharging of aquifers and introduce sustainable water-conservation practices.
    • Ensure integrated development of rainfed areas using the watershed approach towards conserving soil and water, regenerating ground water, arresting runoff, providing livelihood options and other NRM activities.
    • Promote extension activities pertaining to water harvesting, water management and crop alignment for farmers and grassroot-level field functionaries.
    • Explore the feasibility of reusing treated municipal wastewater for peri-urban agriculture.
    • Attract more private investments in irrigation.

PROBLEMS:

    • So far, no project has been proposed by Government of Puducherry for inclusion under any component of PMKSY. (PIB Report)
    • No project involving reuse of treated water is being provided financial assistance by this Ministry under PMKSY. (PIB Report)

WORKING (POSITIVES):

    • Number of targeted beneficiaries under different components of PMKSY is estimated to be about 2.68 crore. (PIB)
    • More than 50 projects have been finalised under PMKSY-AIBP.
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