CLINICAL TRIAL

TAG: GS-3 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

THE CONTEXT: The speedy approval of Covid-19 vaccines during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic highlighted the importance of clinical trials.

EXPLANATION:

What is a Clinical Trial? 

  • A clinical trial is a research study conducted on human participants to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and/or effectiveness of an intervention such as a drug, device, or behavioural therapy.
  • Clinical trials can involve new drugs, devices, procedures, or ways to change behaviors. They can also help improve the quality of life for people with chronic or acute illnesses.
  • Amis: Clinical trials are an essential component of the drug development process and are necessary to determine the benefits and risks of new treatments.

What is CTRI?

The Clinical Trials Registry – India (CTRI) (est. 2007; maintained by ICMR (under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare) a national clinical trial registry in India.

  • It is mandatory to register for every trial at CTRI before commencing
  • CTRI is a free online public record system for the registration of clinical trials (both public and private research) conducted in India.

Issues with the CTRI in India:

  • Ensure compliance with regulations: The CTRI should ensure registration of all clinical trials in India
  • Adhere to WHO guidelines: The CTRI should comply with the WHO guidelines and provide information for each trial, including audit trails, results fields, and data-sharing plans.
  • Improve record-keeping of CTRI
  • Make CTRI a permanent activity: The CTRI could be made a permanent activity with staff on a five-year contract, instead of relying on temporary staff for 15 years.

Drug approval in India:

  • A pharmaceutical company in India must have DCGI approval for selling a new prescription drug. They can get DCGI approval once drug regulator CDSCO verifies the
  • quality, safety, and efficacy of drugs including vaccines. Also, required is the approval from respective Ethics Committee where the study is planned and mandatory registration on the ICMR-maintained website
  • The Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (statutory body under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940) is India’s national regulatory body for cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and medical devices.

Source:

https://www.downtoearth.org.in/health/how-to-design-clinical-trials-that-are-scientifically-sound-equitable-who-provides-suggestions

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