TAG: GS 3- ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
CONTEXT: Researchers have recently discovered a new species of jumping spider on Baner Hill, once again highlighting the rich biodiversity of the area and the need to preserve the city’s natural landscapes.
EXPLANATION:
About Okinawicius tekdi:
- The spider has been named Okinawicius tekdi, after the Marathi word for hill, and takes the number of jumping spiders in India to 326.
- Spiders are a group of arthropods that have segmented bodies, a hard exoskeleton and legs that are jointed
- One of the most defining characteristics of spiders is they have eight legs.
- A notable identification feature is the membranous coils of the copulatory ducts, which lie parallel to the surface. The male O. tekdi resembles O. tokarensis discovered in 1987.
- But it also shares similarities in male palp with species from the Afraflacilla genus, such as A. kurichiadensis and A. avadavathurensis, both described from India in 2022.
- The species was first described by Atharva Kulkarni, an MSc student in environmental science from MIT-World Peace University in Pune.
- A spider species was last discovered in Pune over 30 years ago.
- Spiders are also known for spinning webs and using these webs to trap their prey.
Significance of the Name:
- The name Okinawicius tekdi is derived from the Marathi word “tekdi,” meaning hill. This name reflects the spider’s habitat and the cultural context of the region. The discovery brings the total number of jumping spider species in India to 326.
Habitat and Behaviour:
- tekdi was predominantly found on trees with thick branches and dense foliage. The researchers noted its presence on Plumeria, Ficus, and Morinda trees. They also identified a similar habitat at the Ram-Mula confluence area. The spider exhibits morphological differences from its closest relative, O.takarensis.
Importance of Urban Biodiversity:
- The discovery of O. tekdi emphasizes the importance of urban biodiversity in India. Urban green spaces like Baner Hill support a variety of flora and fauna, which are essential for maintaining ecological balance. The presence of diverse species indicates a healthy ecosystem.
- The discovery of O. tekdi serves as a call to action for the local community. It encourages residents to engage with their natural surroundings and participate in conservation efforts. By encourageing awareness, the community can play a vital role in protecting urban biodiversity.
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