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  1. Question 1 of 5
    1. Question

    1. It is now a widely accepted view that the traditional architecture of houses should inspire the architecture of modern times, thanks to their resilience against disasters and extreme weather events. In this context, consider the following pairs:
    Traditional architectures – States associated
    1. Kathkuni – Gujarat
    2. Dhajji-Dewari – Meghalaya
    3. Bhonga houses – Himachal Pradesh
    How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

    Correct

    Answer. D
    Explanation:
    1. KATHKUNI – Tirthan valley, Himachal Pradesh
    With many typical ancient structures having survived tectonic tremors, the resilience of the kathkuni structures lie in the flexibility of dry masonry and alternate layers of wood beams without any cementing material. The stone plinth rises above the ground level giving strength to the superstructure and also preventing it from snow and ground water.
    The double-skinned walls with the air gap between two parallel wooden beams filled with loose, small stone pieces insulates the structure, keeping it warm in cold weather and cool in summers.

    2. DHAJJI DEWARI, – Kashmir
    It is referred to in the Indian Standard Codes as brick nogged timber frame construction. It is a timber frame into which one layer of masonry is tightly packed to form a wall, resulting in a continuous wall membrane of wood and masonry. The wooden members used here can be imparted horizontally, vertically or inclined into the masonry wall. These wooden members divide the masonry wall, so that the crack does not propagate to the whole wall and ultimately imparts strength to the masonry wall.

    3. BHONGA HOUSES – Kutch region, Gujarat
    A Bhonga consists of a single cylindrically shaped room. The Bhonga has a conical roof supported by cylindrical walls. This type of house is quite durable and appropriate for prevalent desert conditions. Due to its robustness against natural hazards such as earthquakes as well as its pleasant aesthetics, this housing is also known as “Architecture without Architects.”

    Incorrect

    Answer. D
    Explanation:
    1. KATHKUNI – Tirthan valley, Himachal Pradesh
    With many typical ancient structures having survived tectonic tremors, the resilience of the kathkuni structures lie in the flexibility of dry masonry and alternate layers of wood beams without any cementing material. The stone plinth rises above the ground level giving strength to the superstructure and also preventing it from snow and ground water.
    The double-skinned walls with the air gap between two parallel wooden beams filled with loose, small stone pieces insulates the structure, keeping it warm in cold weather and cool in summers.

    2. DHAJJI DEWARI, – Kashmir
    It is referred to in the Indian Standard Codes as brick nogged timber frame construction. It is a timber frame into which one layer of masonry is tightly packed to form a wall, resulting in a continuous wall membrane of wood and masonry. The wooden members used here can be imparted horizontally, vertically or inclined into the masonry wall. These wooden members divide the masonry wall, so that the crack does not propagate to the whole wall and ultimately imparts strength to the masonry wall.

    3. BHONGA HOUSES – Kutch region, Gujarat
    A Bhonga consists of a single cylindrically shaped room. The Bhonga has a conical roof supported by cylindrical walls. This type of house is quite durable and appropriate for prevalent desert conditions. Due to its robustness against natural hazards such as earthquakes as well as its pleasant aesthetics, this housing is also known as “Architecture without Architects.”

  2. Question 2 of 5
    2. Question

    2. “Turning off The Tap” is talked about in which one of the following contexts?

    Correct

    Answer. C
    Explanation: Brought out by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the Report “Turning off the Tap” proposes systems change to address the causes of plastic pollution, starting by reducing problematic and unnecessary plastic use, redesigning the system, products and their packaging and combining these with a market transformation towards circularity in plastics. This can be achieved by accelerating three key shifts – reorient and diversify, reuse, and recycle, – and actions to deal with the legacy of plastic pollution.

    Incorrect

    Answer. C
    Explanation: Brought out by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the Report “Turning off the Tap” proposes systems change to address the causes of plastic pollution, starting by reducing problematic and unnecessary plastic use, redesigning the system, products and their packaging and combining these with a market transformation towards circularity in plastics. This can be achieved by accelerating three key shifts – reorient and diversify, reuse, and recycle, – and actions to deal with the legacy of plastic pollution.

  3. Question 3 of 5
    3. Question

    3. With reference to the calculation of Minimum Support Price (MSP), consider the following statements:
    1. The A2+FL cost includes both the actual paid-out costs and imputed value of family labour.
    2. The C2 cost includes only the expenses incurred by farmers on seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, labour, irrigation, and other inputs.
    3. The Swaminathan Commission recommended that the MSP should at least be 50% more than the weighted average of A2+FL cost.
    How many of the above statements are correct?

    Correct

    Answer: A
    Explanation:
    Statement 1 is correct: MSP is the minimum price at which the government procures crops from farmers. The government bases its announcement on the recommendations given by the Commission for Agricultural Costs & Prices (CACP), which details three major formulae to arrive at MSP.
    A2: Costs incurred by the farmer in production of a particular crop. It includes several inputs such as expenditure on seeds, fertilisers, pesticides, leased-in land, hired labour, machinery and fuel.
    A2+FL: Costs incurred by the farmer (actual paid-out costs) and the value of family labour.
    Statement 2 is incorrect:
    C2 is a comprehensive cost, which is A2+FL cost plus imputed rental value of owned land plus interest on fixed capital, rent paid for leased-in land.
    Statement 3 is incorrect: The National Commission of Farmers also known as the Swaminathan Commission recommended that the MSP should at least be 50 per cent more than the weighted average CoP, which it refers to as the C2 cost.

    Incorrect

    Answer: A
    Explanation:
    Statement 1 is correct: MSP is the minimum price at which the government procures crops from farmers. The government bases its announcement on the recommendations given by the Commission for Agricultural Costs & Prices (CACP), which details three major formulae to arrive at MSP.
    A2: Costs incurred by the farmer in production of a particular crop. It includes several inputs such as expenditure on seeds, fertilisers, pesticides, leased-in land, hired labour, machinery and fuel.
    A2+FL: Costs incurred by the farmer (actual paid-out costs) and the value of family labour.
    Statement 2 is incorrect:
    C2 is a comprehensive cost, which is A2+FL cost plus imputed rental value of owned land plus interest on fixed capital, rent paid for leased-in land.
    Statement 3 is incorrect: The National Commission of Farmers also known as the Swaminathan Commission recommended that the MSP should at least be 50 per cent more than the weighted average CoP, which it refers to as the C2 cost.

  4. Question 4 of 5
    4. Question

    4. The term ‘Alpenglow’, often seen in the news, is related to:

    Correct

    Answer-B
    Context: Astronaut Lora O’Hara on the International Space Station captured Alpenglow near the Hindu Kush. This natural phenomenon occurs during sunrise or sunset, casting rosy, reddish, or orange hues on mountain slopes. Alpenglow’s colors vary due to the sun’s angle and atmospheric conditions. Vibrancy depends on sun location, light angle, clouds, humidity, and particulates. The phenomenon’s rapid changes make it a captivating spectacle during the twilight hours.
    Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

    Incorrect

    Answer-B
    Context: Astronaut Lora O’Hara on the International Space Station captured Alpenglow near the Hindu Kush. This natural phenomenon occurs during sunrise or sunset, casting rosy, reddish, or orange hues on mountain slopes. Alpenglow’s colors vary due to the sun’s angle and atmospheric conditions. Vibrancy depends on sun location, light angle, clouds, humidity, and particulates. The phenomenon’s rapid changes make it a captivating spectacle during the twilight hours.
    Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

  5. Question 5 of 5
    5. Question

    5. With reference to the United Nations Statistical Commission, consider the following statements:
    1. It is the highest decision-making body for international statistical activities.
    2. It is responsible for setting statistical standards and implementation at international levels.
    3. India has been elected to the UN Statistical Commission for a two-year term in 2024.
    How many of the statements given above are correct?

    Correct

    Answer-B
    Context: The 55th session of the United Nations Statistical Commission is scheduled to be held in New York from 27 February – 1 March 2024. The Statistical Commission consists of 24 UN member states, elected on a consular basis by the UN Economic and Social Council.
    ● The United Nations Statistical Commission, established in 1947, is the highest body of the global statistical system bringing together the Chief Statisticians from member states from around the world.
    The Statistical Commission oversees the work of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), a functional commission of the UN Economic and Social Council.It is the highest decision-making body for international statistical activities, responsible for setting statistical standards and developing concepts and methods, including their implementation at the national and international levels. Hence, statement 1 is correct and statement 2 is correct.
    Statement 3 is incorrect: India has been elected to the UN Statistical Commission for a four-year term beginning on January 1, 2024.

    Incorrect

    Answer-B
    Context: The 55th session of the United Nations Statistical Commission is scheduled to be held in New York from 27 February – 1 March 2024. The Statistical Commission consists of 24 UN member states, elected on a consular basis by the UN Economic and Social Council.
    ● The United Nations Statistical Commission, established in 1947, is the highest body of the global statistical system bringing together the Chief Statisticians from member states from around the world.
    The Statistical Commission oversees the work of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), a functional commission of the UN Economic and Social Council.It is the highest decision-making body for international statistical activities, responsible for setting statistical standards and developing concepts and methods, including their implementation at the national and international levels. Hence, statement 1 is correct and statement 2 is correct.
    Statement 3 is incorrect: India has been elected to the UN Statistical Commission for a four-year term beginning on January 1, 2024.

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