Day-523 | Daily MCQs | UPSC Prelims | CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS

Day-523

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  1. Question 1 of 5
    1. Question
    2 points

    1. Consider the following statements regarding the comparison between Micro-LED and OLED display:
    1. micro-LED has inorganic LED structure in comparison to organic emissive material in OLED display technology.
    2. micro-LED has higher power efficiency and response time than OLED displays.
    3. micro-LED has lower brightness and sunlight visibility than OLED displays.
    How many of the statements given above is/are correct?

    Correct

    Answer: A
    Explanation:
    Considered the next big transition in display technology, microLEDs are self-illuminating diodes that have brighter and better colour reproduction than Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display technology.
    ● Statement 1 is correct: OLEDs use tiny sub-pixels made from organic emissive materials. Micro-LEDs are somewhat similar – but with an inorganic LED structure. Compared to OLEDs, Micro-LEDs promise to be much more efficient and bright, more durable (higher lifetime) and with a higher color gamut, mostly due to the superior performance of LEDs over their organic counterparts.

    ● Statement 2 is incorrect: microLED has higher power efficiency but lower response time than OLED displays.
    ● Statement 3 is incorrect: microLED has higher brightness and sunlight visibility than OLED displays.
    About Micro-LED:
    ● Micro-LED (also known as mLED or µLED) is a display technology that is based on tiny (hence, micro) LED devices that are used to directly create color pixels. Micro-LED displays have the potential to create highly efficient and great looking flexible displays, to challenge the current high-end OLED displays.
    Micro-LED vs LED:
    ● Current so-called LED displays are actually LCD displays that use LED as backlighting units – which are always on with a liquid-crystal layer that is used to create the actual image (i.e. block the light where needed). This complicated LCD structure results in a device with serious image quality drawbacks (mainly a low response time and relatively poor contrast ratio) and also difficulties in achieving flexibility and high-quality transparency.
    Micro-LED vs OLED:
    ● OLEDs use tiny sub-pixels made from organic emissive materials. Micro-LEDs are somewhat similar – but with an inorganic LED structure. Compared to OLEDs, Micro-LEDs promise to be much more efficient and bright, more durable (higher lifetime) and with a higher color gamut. Micro-LEDs are based on well-established LED devices, which means that it could potentially be a technology that is relatively easy to scale up.

    Incorrect

    Answer: A
    Explanation:
    Considered the next big transition in display technology, microLEDs are self-illuminating diodes that have brighter and better colour reproduction than Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display technology.
    ● Statement 1 is correct: OLEDs use tiny sub-pixels made from organic emissive materials. Micro-LEDs are somewhat similar – but with an inorganic LED structure. Compared to OLEDs, Micro-LEDs promise to be much more efficient and bright, more durable (higher lifetime) and with a higher color gamut, mostly due to the superior performance of LEDs over their organic counterparts.

    ● Statement 2 is incorrect: microLED has higher power efficiency but lower response time than OLED displays.
    ● Statement 3 is incorrect: microLED has higher brightness and sunlight visibility than OLED displays.
    About Micro-LED:
    ● Micro-LED (also known as mLED or µLED) is a display technology that is based on tiny (hence, micro) LED devices that are used to directly create color pixels. Micro-LED displays have the potential to create highly efficient and great looking flexible displays, to challenge the current high-end OLED displays.
    Micro-LED vs LED:
    ● Current so-called LED displays are actually LCD displays that use LED as backlighting units – which are always on with a liquid-crystal layer that is used to create the actual image (i.e. block the light where needed). This complicated LCD structure results in a device with serious image quality drawbacks (mainly a low response time and relatively poor contrast ratio) and also difficulties in achieving flexibility and high-quality transparency.
    Micro-LED vs OLED:
    ● OLEDs use tiny sub-pixels made from organic emissive materials. Micro-LEDs are somewhat similar – but with an inorganic LED structure. Compared to OLEDs, Micro-LEDs promise to be much more efficient and bright, more durable (higher lifetime) and with a higher color gamut. Micro-LEDs are based on well-established LED devices, which means that it could potentially be a technology that is relatively easy to scale up.

  2. Question 2 of 5
    2. Question
    2 points

    2. Recently seen in the news, the ‘Title 42’ is related to which of the following?

    Correct

    Answer: B
    Explanation:
    ● After more than three years, a controversial Trump-era immigration policy known as Title 42 is set to expire on 11 May.
    Option(b) is correct:
    ● ‘Title 42’ policy came to the forefront of US immigration policy in March 2020, when the Trump administration invoked the statute to stop the spread of Covid-19 across its borders. With Title 42 in place, US authorities were able to swiftly expel would-be migrants attempting to cross the border from Mexico – including those seeking humanitarian asylum – using the pandemic as justification.

    Incorrect

    Answer: B
    Explanation:
    ● After more than three years, a controversial Trump-era immigration policy known as Title 42 is set to expire on 11 May.
    Option(b) is correct:
    ● ‘Title 42’ policy came to the forefront of US immigration policy in March 2020, when the Trump administration invoked the statute to stop the spread of Covid-19 across its borders. With Title 42 in place, US authorities were able to swiftly expel would-be migrants attempting to cross the border from Mexico – including those seeking humanitarian asylum – using the pandemic as justification.

  3. Question 3 of 5
    3. Question
    2 points

    3. Consider the following statements regarding Sand Batteries:
    1. Sand is used in these batteries because it has higher thermal energy storage capacity and heat conductivity than water.
    2. It can be used for a centralised heating network that can keep buildings and public water systems warm.
    3. Finland is the first country in the world to install Sand Batteries.
    How many of the statements given above is/are correct?

    Correct

    Answer: B
    Explanation:
    Finland has installed the world’s first sand battery that can store heat from renewable energy sources for months.
    ● Statement 1 is incorrect: Sand-based heat storages can store several times the amount of energy that can be stored in a water tank of a similar size. Sand can be heated up to 600 degrees Celsius (°C), whereas water starts to boil at 100°C. It also has low heat conductivity, which reduces energy loss.
    ● Statement 2 is correct: It can be used for a centralised heating network that can keep buildings and public water systems warm.
    ● Statement 3 is correct: Finland is the first country to install Sand Batteries.

    Incorrect

    Answer: B
    Explanation:
    Finland has installed the world’s first sand battery that can store heat from renewable energy sources for months.
    ● Statement 1 is incorrect: Sand-based heat storages can store several times the amount of energy that can be stored in a water tank of a similar size. Sand can be heated up to 600 degrees Celsius (°C), whereas water starts to boil at 100°C. It also has low heat conductivity, which reduces energy loss.
    ● Statement 2 is correct: It can be used for a centralised heating network that can keep buildings and public water systems warm.
    ● Statement 3 is correct: Finland is the first country to install Sand Batteries.

  4. Question 4 of 5
    4. Question
    2 points

    4. Consider the following statements regarding the High Altitude Surveillance Balloon:
    1. It is usually placed in the ionosphere.
    2. It has the ability to scan a wider range of territory than satellites.
    3. It is powered by the solar energy panels attached to it.
    4. It randomly moves on the basis of wind direction at a particular altitude.
    How many of the statements given above is/are correct?

    Correct

    Answer: C
    Explanation:
    U.S. officials said that a Chinese “surveillance balloon” has been flying over the United States for several days. It drifted across the US and flew far higher than passenger jets.
    ● Statement 1 is incorrect: High Altitude Surveillance Balloons usually placed in the stratosphere.
    ● Statement 2 is correct: The advantages of balloons over satellites include the ability to scan wide swathes of territory from closer in, and to be able to spend more time over a target area.
    ● Statement 3 is correct: It is powered by the Solar energy panels attached to it.
    ● Statement 4 is correct: It randomly moves on the basis of wind direction at a particular altitude.

    Incorrect

    Answer: C
    Explanation:
    U.S. officials said that a Chinese “surveillance balloon” has been flying over the United States for several days. It drifted across the US and flew far higher than passenger jets.
    ● Statement 1 is incorrect: High Altitude Surveillance Balloons usually placed in the stratosphere.
    ● Statement 2 is correct: The advantages of balloons over satellites include the ability to scan wide swathes of territory from closer in, and to be able to spend more time over a target area.
    ● Statement 3 is correct: It is powered by the Solar energy panels attached to it.
    ● Statement 4 is correct: It randomly moves on the basis of wind direction at a particular altitude.

  5. Question 5 of 5
    5. Question
    2 points

    5. Recently seen in the news, Phytorid technology is related to which of the following?

    Correct

    Answer: B
    Explanation:
    ● The Union Minister of Science & Technology inaugurated the efficient Phytorid Technology Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) at CSIR-NCL at Pune which is a self sustainable technology for wastewater treatment that works on the principle of natural wetland.
    Option(b) is correct:
    ● The phytorid technology treatment is a subsurface flow type in which wastewater is applied to a cell / system filled with porous media such as crushed bricks, gravel and stones. The hydraulics is maintained in such a manner that wastewater does not rise to the surface retaining a free board at the top of the filled media.

    Incorrect

    Answer: B
    Explanation:
    ● The Union Minister of Science & Technology inaugurated the efficient Phytorid Technology Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) at CSIR-NCL at Pune which is a self sustainable technology for wastewater treatment that works on the principle of natural wetland.
    Option(b) is correct:
    ● The phytorid technology treatment is a subsurface flow type in which wastewater is applied to a cell / system filled with porous media such as crushed bricks, gravel and stones. The hydraulics is maintained in such a manner that wastewater does not rise to the surface retaining a free board at the top of the filled media.

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